cancer survival

癌症生存率
  • 文章类型: Published Erratum
    [这更正了文章DOI:10.3389/fpubh.2023.1310823。].
    [This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1310823.].
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    先前的研究报道了血小板计数(PLT)与癌症生存率之间的不一致关联。然而,是否存在线性因果效应值得深入研究。我们使用UKBiobank和双样本孟德尔随机化(MR)分析进行了一项队列研究。在癌症诊断之前测量PLT水平。我们采用总生存期(OS)作为主要结果。Cox模型用于评估PLT在多个滞后时间对癌症诊断的生存结果的影响。我们采用34种遗传变异作为MR分析的PLT代理。对线性和非线性效应进行建模。还研究了带有仪器变体的基因表达的预后影响。共纳入65471例癌症患者。我们发现PLT升高(每100×109/L)和OS较差(HR:1.07;95%CI:1.04-1.10;p<.001)之间存在显著关联。对于几种癌症类型观察到类似的显著关联。我们进一步观察到PLT和癌症生存率之间的U型关系(p<.001)。我们的MR分析发现,没有证据支持PLT与总体癌症生存率之间的因果关系(HR:1.000;95%CI:0.998-1.001;p=.678),尽管非线性MR分析揭示了在较低PLT范围内潜在更大的有害影响。11个PLT相关基因的表达与癌症生存相关。早期检测到逐渐升高的PLT表明可能的隐匿性癌症发展和较差的后续生存结果。观察到的关联可能是非线性的。然而,PLT不太可能成为有希望的治疗靶标。
    背景是什么?先前的研究报道了血小板计数(PLT)与癌症生存率之间的不一致关联。然而,目前还不清楚是否存在线性因果效应,因为大多数研究在癌症诊断时测量PLT,这可能会受到癌症本身的影响。本研究旨在使用大型前瞻性队列和遗传分析来调查诊断前PLT与癌症生存结果之间的关联和潜在因果关系。观察性队列研究发现,诊断前血小板升高与总体和癌症特异性生存率下降之间存在显着关联。我们还确定了PLT与癌症生存率之间的U形关系,这表明高PLT和低PLT都可能是有害的。孟德尔随机化分析不支持PLT对癌症总生存率的因果效应。尽管它暗示了在较低的PLT范围内潜在的非线性效应。该研究还确定了几个基因(TPM4,PDIA5,PSMD13,TMCC2,ZFPM2,BAZ2A,CDKN2A,GP1BA,TAOK1,CABLES1和THPO)与与癌症生存率相关的PLT相关。有什么影响?研究结果表明,早期发现PLT升高可能表明隐匿性癌症发展和随后的生存结果较差。然而,PLT不太可能成为改善癌症生存率的有希望的治疗靶点。因为观察到的关联可能受到混杂因素的影响。该研究强调需要进一步研究PLT与癌症预后之间的复杂关系。以及其他血小板相关性状作为潜在药物靶点的探索。
    Previous studies have reported inconsistent associations between platelet count (PLT) and cancer survival. However, whether there is linear causal effect merits in-depth investigations. We conducted a cohort study using the UK Biobank and a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. PLT levels were measured prior to cancer diagnosis. We adopted overall survival (OS) as the primary outcome. Cox models were utilized to estimate the effects of PLTs on survival outcomes at multiple lag times for cancer diagnosis. We employed 34 genetic variants as PLT proxies for MR analysis. Linear and non-linear effects were modeled. Prognostic effects of gene expression harboring the instrumental variants were also investigated. A total of 65 471 cancer patients were included. We identified a significant association between elevated PLTs (per 100 × 109/L) and inferior OS (HR: 1.07; 95% CI: 1.04-1.10; p < .001). Similar significant associations were observed for several cancer types. We further observed a U-shaped relationship between PLTs and cancer survival (p < .001). Our MR analysis found null evidence to support a causal association between PLTs and overall cancer survival (HR: 1.000; 95% CI: 0.998-1.001; p = .678), although non-linear MR analysis unveiled a potential greater detrimental effect at lower PLT range. Expression of eleven PLT-related genes were associated with cancer survival. Early detection of escalated PLTs indicated possible occult cancer development and inferior subsequent survival outcomes. The observed associations could potentially be non-linear. However, PLT is less likely to be a promising therapeutic target.
    What is the context? Previous studies have reported inconsistent associations between platelet counts (PLTs) and cancer survival. However, it is unclear whether there is a linear causal effect, as most studies measured PLTs at the time of cancer diagnosis, which could be influenced by the cancer itself.This study aimed to investigate the association and potential causality between pre-diagnostic PLTs and cancer survival outcomes using a large prospective cohort and genetic analysis.What is new? The observational cohort study found a significant association between elevated pre-diagnostic PLTs and poorer overall and cancer-specific survival. We also identified a U-shaped relationship between PLTs and cancer survival, suggesting that both high and low PLTs may be detrimental.The Mendelian randomization analysis did not support a causal effect of PLTs on overall cancer survival, although it hinted at potential non-linear effects at lower PLT ranges.The study also identified several genes (TPM4, PDIA5, PSMD13, TMCC2, ZFPM2, BAZ2A, CDKN2A, GP1BA, TAOK1, CABLES1, and THPO) related to PLTs that were associated with cancer survival.What is the impact? The findings suggest that early detection of elevated PLTs may indicate occult cancer development and poorer subsequent survival outcomes. However, PLTs are less likely to be a promising therapeutic target for improving cancer survival, as the observed associations could be influenced by confounding factors.The study highlights the need for further research into the complex relationship between PLTs and cancer prognosis, as well as the exploration of other platelet-related traits as potential drug targets.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    在韩国,从2001年到2021年,癌症发病率增加了56.5%。然而,与2001年至2005年相比,2017年至2021年的5年癌症生存率增加了17.9%。癌症生存率随着社会经济地位的降低而下降,不同癌症类型之间的存活率存在差异。分析癌症患者生存的社会经济模式可以帮助识别高危人群,并确保他们从干预措施中受益。
    本研究的目的是分析被诊断为六种类型胃癌的患者的生存率差异,结直肠,肝脏,乳房,子宫颈,和肺癌-基于韩国全国数据的社会经济地位。
    这项研究使用与国家健康信息数据库链接的韩国中央癌症登记数据库,对2014年至2018年12月31日期间诊断为癌症的患者进行随访。生成了按收入状况分层的Kaplan-Meier曲线,并对每种癌症类型进行对数秩检验,以评估统计学显著性.使用Cox比例风险回归模型计算任何原因的总生存期的95%CI的风险比。
    六种不同类型癌症的存活率如下:胃癌,69.6%(96,404/138,462);结直肠癌,66.6%(83,406/125,156);肝癌,33.7%(23,860/70,712);肺癌,30.4%(33,203/109,116);乳腺癌,91.5%(90,730/99,159);和宫颈癌,78%(12,930/16,580)。在将医疗援助组与最高收入组进行比较时,胃癌的风险比为1.72(95%CI1.66-1.79),结直肠癌1.60(95%CI1.54-1.56),肝癌1.51(95%CI1.45-1.56),肺癌为1.56(95%CI1.51-1.59),2.19(95%CI2.01-2.38)用于乳腺癌,宫颈癌为1.65(95%CI1.46-1.87)。较高的剥夺指数和晚期诊断阶段与死亡风险增加相关。
    社会经济地位在几种癌症类型中显著调节癌症生存率的差异。这种效应在不太致命的癌症如乳腺癌中尤其明显。因此,考虑到癌症的类型和社会经济因素,社会和医疗干预措施,如早期癌症检测和适当的治疗对于弱势群体是必要的。
    UNASSIGNED: In South Korea, the cancer incidence rate has increased by 56.5% from 2001 to 2021. Nevertheless, the 5-year cancer survival rate from 2017 to 2021 increased by 17.9% compared with that from 2001 to 2005. Cancer survival rates tend to decline with lower socioeconomic status, and variations exist in the survival rates among different cancer types. Analyzing socioeconomic patterns in the survival of patients with cancer can help identify high-risk groups and ensure that they benefit from interventions.
    UNASSIGNED: The aim of this study was to analyze differences in survival rates among patients diagnosed with six types of cancer-stomach, colorectal, liver, breast, cervical, and lung cancers-based on socioeconomic status using Korean nationwide data.
    UNASSIGNED: This study used the Korea Central Cancer Registry database linked to the National Health Information Database to follow up with patients diagnosed with cancer between 2014 and 2018 until December 31, 2021. Kaplan-Meier curves stratified by income status were generated, and log-rank tests were conducted for each cancer type to assess statistical significance. Hazard ratios with 95% CIs for any cause of overall survival were calculated using Cox proportional hazards regression models with the time since diagnosis.
    UNASSIGNED: The survival rates for the six different types of cancer were as follows: stomach cancer, 69.6% (96,404/138,462); colorectal cancer, 66.6% (83,406/125,156); liver cancer, 33.7% (23,860/70,712); lung cancer, 30.4% (33,203/109,116); breast cancer, 91.5% (90,730/99,159); and cervical cancer, 78% (12,930/16,580). When comparing the medical aid group to the highest income group, the hazard ratios were 1.72 (95% CI 1.66-1.79) for stomach cancer, 1.60 (95% CI 1.54-1.56) for colorectal cancer, 1.51 (95% CI 1.45-1.56) for liver cancer, 1.56 (95% CI 1.51-1.59) for lung cancer, 2.19 (95% CI 2.01-2.38) for breast cancer, and 1.65 (95% CI 1.46-1.87) for cervical cancer. A higher deprivation index and advanced diagnostic stage were associated with an increased risk of mortality.
    UNASSIGNED: Socioeconomic status significantly mediates disparities in cancer survival in several cancer types. This effect is particularly pronounced in less fatal cancers such as breast cancer. Therefore, considering the type of cancer and socioeconomic factors, social and medical interventions such as early cancer detection and appropriate treatment are necessary for vulnerable populations.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    这是浙江省癌症长期生存的全面概述,中国。混合分析,队列和周期分析的结合,已被提议得出最新的癌症生存率估计。使用这种方法,我们的目的是及时准确地分析浙江省癌症登记的5年相对生存率(RS)和净生存率(NS),中国。
    浙江省14个癌症登记处共纳入了2013-2017年诊断的255,725例新癌症病例。中国,随访至2019年底。混合分析用于计算2018-2019年按性别划分的总体和分层的5年RS和5年NS,癌症类型,区域,和诊断时的年龄。
    在2018-2019年期间,浙江整体癌症的年龄标准化5年RS和NS分别为47.5%和48.6%,分别。女性癌症的年龄标准化5年RS(55.4%)高于男性(40.0%),城市地区的比率(49.7%)高于农村地区的比率(43.1%)。5年RS随着年龄的增长而下降,从<45岁的84.4%到>74岁的23.7%。我们的RS和NS的结果显示出相似的趋势,没有显着差异。年龄标准化5年RS最高的前五名癌症是甲状腺癌(96.0%),乳腺癌(84.3%),睾丸癌(79.9%),前列腺癌(77.2%),膀胱癌(70.6%),年龄标准化5年RS最低的五种癌症是胰腺癌(6.0%),肝癌(15.6%),胆囊癌(17.1%),食管癌(22.7%),和白血病(31.0%)。
    我们报告了浙江省最新的5年癌症RS和NS,中国第一次,并发现2018-2019年浙江省癌症患者的5年生存率相对较高。基于人群的癌症登记处被认为是可用于评估癌症预防战略的影响和卫生系统有效性的关键政策工具。
    UNASSIGNED: This is a comprehensive overview of long-term cancer survival in Zhejiang Province, China. Hybrid analysis, a combination of cohort and period analysis, has been proposed to derive up-to-date cancer survival estimates. Using this approach, we aimed to timely and accurately analyze the 5-year relative survival (RS) and net survival (NS) in cancer registries of Zhejiang Province, China.
    UNASSIGNED: A total of 255,725 new cancer cases diagnosed during 2013-2017 were included in 14 cancer registries in Zhejiang Province, China, with a follow-up on vital status until the end of 2019. The hybrid analysis was used to calculate the 5-year RS and 5-year NS during 2018-2019 for overall and stratifications by sex, cancer type, region, and age at diagnosis.
    UNASSIGNED: During 2018-2019, the age-standardized 5-year RS and NS for overall cancer in Zhejiang was 47.5% and 48.6%, respectively. The age-standardized 5-year RS for cancers of women (55.4%) was higher than that of men (40.0%), and the rate of urban areas (49.7%) was higher than that of rural areas (43.1%). The 5-year RS declined along with age, from 84.4% for ages <45 years to 23.7% for ages >74 years. Our results of the RS and NS showed the similar trend and no significant difference. The top five cancers with top age-standardized 5-year RS were thyroid cancer (96.0%), breast cancer (84.3%), testicular cancer (79.9%), prostate cancer (77.2%), and bladder cancer (70.6%), and the five cancers with the lowest age-standardized 5-year RS were pancreatic cancer (6.0%), liver cancer (15.6%), gallbladder cancer (17.1%), esophageal cancer (22.7%), and leukemia (31.0%).
    UNASSIGNED: We reported the most up-to-date 5-year cancer RS and NS in Zhejiang Province, China for the first time, and found that the 5-year survival for cancer patients in Zhejiang during 2018-2019 was relatively high. The population-based cancer registries are recognized as key policy tools that can be used to evaluate both the impact of cancer prevention strategies and the effectiveness of health systems.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    肺癌是癌症相关死亡率的主要原因,非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)占所有肺癌病例的85%。这种恶性肿瘤的特点是多因素的危险因素,预后不良,和可悲的临床结果。大量证据表明,由于个体之间遗传多态性引入的遗传变异,肺癌易感性和生存率存在个体差异。间接影响肺癌易感性和患者生存率。在过去的几十年里,肿瘤环境中的免疫景观和宿主免疫反应一直被认为是NSCLC发展和患者生存的决定因素。随着非小细胞肺癌治疗模式向免疫治疗的转变,人们越来越认识到免疫系统在癌症发展和生存中的作用,检测与NSCLC风险和预后相关的免疫调节标志物中的单核苷酸多态性(SNPs)至关重要.尽管广泛的研究报道了SNP在预测NSCLC的风险和生存率中的意义。之前尚未对调节NSCLC免疫应答的基因中的SNP进行综述。因此,这篇综述揭示了免疫调节标记的遗传多态性的证据,包括免疫检查点,免疫检查点抑制剂,趋化因子,白细胞介素,人类白细胞抗原及其受体,和抗原呈递机制基因,以及它们在易感性中的意义,NSCLC的预后和生存。与NSCLC风险和生存相关的遗传因素的鉴定为更深入地理解疾病的发病机制和进展提供了宝贵的信息。还可以改善早期和晚期疾病的预后和个性化临床护理。
    Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-associated mortality and non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) constitutes 85 % of all lung cancer cases. This malignancy is characterized by multifactorial risk factors, poor prognosis, and deplorable clinical outcome. Considerable evidence indicates that there is inter-individual variability in the lung cancer predisposition and survival due to genetic variations introduced by genetic polymorphisms between individuals, indirectly affecting the lung cancer susceptibility and the patient survival. In the past decades, immune landscape in the tumour environment and host immune response are constantly implicated as determining factor in NSCLC development and patients\' survival. With the change of paradigm in NSCLC treatment to immunotherapy and increasing recognition of the role of the immune system in cancer development and survival, the inspection of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in immunomodulated markers associated with the risk and prognosis for NSCLC is crucial. Despite extensive studies reported the implication of SNPs in predicting the risk and survival of NSCLC. SNPs in the genes that modulate immune response in NSCLC have not been reviewed before. Hence, this review uncovers the evidence on the genetic polymorphisms of immunomodulatory markers which include immune checkpoints, immune checkpoint inhibitors, chemokines, interleukins, human leukocyte antigen and its receptors, and antigen presenting machinery genes, and their significance in the susceptibility, prognosis and survival in NSCLC. The identification of genetic factors associated with NSCLC risk and survival provides invaluable information for a greater comprehension of the pathogenesis and progression of the disease, also to refine prognosis and personalize clinical care in early and advanced-stages disease.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    背景:神经内分泌肿瘤(NENs)在全球范围内的发病率正在增加。先前对英国癌症数据库(国家癌症登记和分析服务(NCRAS))的分析显示,在大多数肿瘤部位,女性的生存优势显着。本研究旨在将NCRAS与监测进行比较,流行病学,和最终结果程序(SEER),以使用相同的统计方法验证这些结果。
    方法:从NCRAS和SEER中提取了14,834和108,399例NENs患者,分别。使用限制平均生存时间(RMST)和Kaplan-Meier生存估计值计算NEN每个解剖部位的男性和女性的60个月生存率。计算60个月RMST女性生存优势(FSA)。
    结果:FSA在NCRAS和SEER中相似。FSA最高发生在肺和胃NENs。
    结论:来自SEER的数据证实了NCRAS发表的研究结果。女性生存优势仍然无法解释。
    BACKGROUND: Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are increasing in incidence globally. Previous analysis of the UK cancer database (National Cancer Registration and Analysis Service (NCRAS)) showed a notable female survival advantage in most tumour sites. This study aims to compare NCRAS to the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program (SEER) to validate these results using the same statistical methods.
    METHODS: A total of 14,834 and 108,399 patients with NENs were extracted from NCRAS and SEER, respectively. Sixty-months survival for both males and females for each anatomical site of NENs were calculated using restricted mean survival time (RMST) and Kaplan-Meier Survival estimates. The sixty-month RMST female survival advantage (FSA) was calculated.
    RESULTS: FSA was similar in NCRAS and SEER. The highest FSA occurred in lung and stomach NENs.
    CONCLUSIONS: The data from SEER confirm the findings published by NCRAS. Female survival advantage remains unexplained.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    乳腺癌(BC)仍然是全球重大的公共卫生问题,每年报告大量病例和大量死亡。积累的活性氧(ROS)和氧化应激与BC有关,谷胱甘肽S-转移酶Mu(GSTM)家族是与许多癌症相关的最重要的酶解毒剂之一。在这项研究中,UALCAN,卡普兰-迈耶绘图仪,bc-GenExMiner,cBioPortal,STRING,Enrichr,和TIMER数据库被用来进行全面的生物信息学分析,并为BC中GSTMs的预后价值提供新的见解。发现GSTM2-5基因在mRNA和蛋白水平上在乳腺肿瘤中的表达水平低于正常组织,mRNA水平的降低与较短的总生存期(OS)和无复发生存期(RFS)有关。GSTMs的mRNA水平较低与Scarff-Bloom-Richardson(SBR)等级较差密切相关(p<0.0001)。与ER阴性和PR阴性的BC患者相比,雌激素受体(ER)阳性和孕激素受体(PR)阳性的所有五个GSTM的mRNA水平均显着较高。同样,当比较节点状态时,GSTM1、GSTM3和GSTM5在淋巴结阳性BC患者中显著升高(p<0.01)。此外,GSTM4在其他家族成员中基因改变最多(4%),GSTM5与CD4+T细胞相关性最强(Cor=0.234,p=2.22e-13)。总之,我们的结果提示GSTM家族成员可能作为BC预后的生物标志物和治疗靶点有帮助.
    Breast cancer (BC) remains a significant public health concern globally, with a high number of reported cases and a substantial number of deaths every year. Accumulating reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress are related to BC and the Glutathione S-transferases Mu (GSTM) family is one of the most important enzymatic detoxifiers associated with many cancers. In this study, UALCAN, Kaplan-Meier plotter, bc-GenExMiner, cBioPortal, STRING, Enrichr, and TIMER databases were employed to carry out a comprehensive bioinformatic analysis and provide new insight into the prognostic value of GSTMs in BC. GSTM2-5 genes in mRNA and protein levels were found to be expressed at lower levels in breast tumors compared to normal tissues, and reduction in mRNA levels is linked to shorter overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS). The lower mRNA levels of GSTMs were strongly associated with the worse Scarff-Bloom-Richardson (SBR) grades (p < 0.0001). The mRNA levels of all five GSTMs were substantially higher in estrogen receptor (ER)-positive and progesterone receptor (PR)-positive compared to ER-negative and PR-negative BC patients. As well, when nodal status was compared, GSTM1, GSTM3, and GSTM5 were significantly higher in nodal-positive BC patients (p < .01). Furthermore, GSTM4 had the most gene alteration (4%) among other family members, and GSTM5 showed the strongest correlation with CD4+ T cells (Cor= .234, p = 2.22e-13). In conclusion, our results suggest that GSTM family members may be helpful as biomarkers for prognosis and as therapeutic targets in BC.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    胃癌(GC)是全球癌症相关死亡的第四大原因,治疗选择有限。这项研究的目的是分析在寡转移GC(OGC)患者的一线治疗中增加手术的价值。
    这项回顾性研究包括OGC患者,这些患者在2012年4月至2022年4月期间接受了原发肿瘤和同步转移的诱导化疗。终点是通过Kaplan-Meier方法分析的总生存期(OS)和无复发生存期(RFS)。用Cox模型评估预后因素。
    收集39例患者的数据。所有病例均提交我们的多学科肿瘤委员会(MTB),以评估根治性手术的可行性。中位随访33.6个月(mo。),中位OS为26.6个月。(95%CI23.8-29.4),中位RFS为10.6个月。(95%可信区间6.3-14.8)。根据Mandard标准(TRG1-3,未达到20.5个月。对于TRG4-5;HR0.23,p=0.019),PSECOG≤1(26.7个月。对于PS≤1和11.2mo。PS>1;HR0.3,p=0.022)和低转移负担(26.7个月。单个站点与12.9个月相比。≥2个部位;HR0.34,p=0.039)与良好预后相关。在我们的系列中,没有发生重大的术中并发症或手术相关的死亡。
    术前化疗和根治性手术切除原发肿瘤和转移瘤的序贯策略被证明能显著改善OS和RFS。多学科评估是强制性的,以确定可以从该策略中受益的患者。
    UNASSIGNED: Gastric cancer (GC) is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide with limited therapeutic options. The aim of this study was to analyze the value of adding surgery to the first-line treatment in patients with oligometastatic GC (OGC).
    UNASSIGNED: This retrospective study included patients with OGC who underwent induction chemotherapy followed by surgery of both primary tumor and synchronous metastasis between April 2012 and April 2022. Endpoints were overall survival (OS) and relapse-free survival (RFS) analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method. Prognostic factors were assessed with the Cox model.
    UNASSIGNED: Data from 39 patients were collected. All cases were referred to our multidisciplinary tumor board (MTB) to evaluate the feasibility of radical surgery. After a median follow-up of 33.6 months (mo.), median OS was 26.6 mo. (95% CI 23.8-29.4) and median RFS was 10.6 mo. (95% CI 6.3-14.8). Pathologic response according to the Mandard criteria (TRG 1-3, not reached versus 20.5 mo. for TRG 4-5; HR 0.23, p=0.019), PS ECOG ≤ 1 (26.7 mo. for PS ≤ 1 versus 11.2 mo. for PS >1; HR 0.3, p=0.022) and a low metastatic burden (26.7 mo. for single site versus 12.9 mo. for ≥2 sites; HR 0.34, p=0.039) were related to good prognosis. No major intraoperative complications nor surgery-related deaths occurred in our series.
    UNASSIGNED: A sequential strategy of preoperative chemotherapy and radical surgical excision of both primary tumor and metastases was demonstrated to significantly improve OS and RFS. Multidisciplinary evaluation is mandatory to identify patients who could benefit from this strategy.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    背景:癌症发病率和生存率的潜在区域差异将需要有针对性的干预措施来减少癌症相关的死亡。
    方法:这项描述性队列研究提供了2007-2021年丹麦地区癌症发病率和相对生存率(RS)的概述。国家癌症发病率和RS估计值的计算类似于丹麦癌症登记处的官方统计数据。具体来说,我们估计了年龄标准化(世界)癌症发病率(ASR),和RS在3年期间按性别划分,和丹麦的五个地区(即,北丹麦地区,丹麦中部地区,丹麦南部地区,新西兰地区,和首都地区)。
    结果:我们在2007-2021年期间在丹麦发现了578,107例癌症,其中124-123在2019-2021年被诊断。在2007-2018年期间,所有五个地区的癌症ASR总体上出现了小幅波动,随后在2019-2021年呈下降趋势。男性表现出高于女性的ASR。在研究期间,所有地区的1年和5年RS均有持续改善。然而,对于2019-2021年诊断的患者,5年RS趋于稳定。这些患者经历了1年RS,男性为83%,女性为84%,男女的5年RS也相似(男性:67%,女性:70%,总体:68%)。新西兰地区总体上对男女两性的RS估计较低。
    结论:2007年至2021年,丹麦所有地区男女的癌症生存率都有所提高。然而,癌症生存率的改善在最近一段时间似乎趋于平稳,2019-2021年。对两性来说,建议在新西兰地区存活率最低。
    BACKGROUND: Potential regional differences in cancer incidence and survival would demand targeted interventions to decrease cancer related death.
    METHODS: This descriptive cohort study provides an overview of regional cancer incidence and relative survival (RS) in Denmark during 2007-2021. National cancer incidence and RS estimates were calculated similar to the official statistics for the Danish Cancer Registry. Specifically, we estimated age-standardized (World) cancer incidence rates (ASR), and RS in 3-year periods by sex, and the five regions of Denmark (i.e., Region of Northern Denmark, Central Denmark Region, Region of Southern Denmark, Region Zealand, and Capital Region).
    RESULTS: We identified 578,107 incident cancers in Denmark during 2007-2021, of which 124 123 were diagnosed in 2019-2021. Small fluctuations were seen in ASR for cancer overall in all five regions during 2007-2018, followed by decreasing trends in 2019-2021. Men exhibited higher ASRs than women. Consistent improvements in 1- and 5-year RS were seen during the study period in all regions. However, for patients diagnosed in 2019-2021, the 5-year RS levelled off. These patients experienced 1-year RS of 83 % among men and 84 % among women, and the 5-year RS was also similar between sexes (men: 67 %, women: 70 %, overall: 68 %). Region Zealand generally presented lower RS estimates for both sexes combined.
    CONCLUSIONS: Cancer survival improved between 2007 and 2021 in all Danish regions for both sexes. However, the improvements in cancer survival appeared to have levelled off in the most recent period, 2019-2021. For both sexes, the lowest survival was suggested for Region Zealand.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤(DLBCL)是非霍奇金淋巴瘤(NHL)的侵袭性亚型。这种疾病通常发生在老年患者中。虽然患病率较低,该疾病也发生在青少年和年轻成人组(AYA)。关于AYA组DLBCL发病率和生存结果的种族和族裔差异的文献数据很少。我们研究的目的是证明这些结果的差异。利用SEER,我们获得了病人的人口统计数据,发病率,从2000年到2020年的生存。我们观察到所有种族群体中DLBCL的发病率显著降低,除了非西班牙裔亚洲和太平洋岛民集团(NHAPI)。非西班牙裔黑人组(NHB)的生存率最低,尽管DLBCL的发病率下降幅度最大。生存的差异可能是社会经济因素的次要因素,然而,其他原因需要探索。NHAPI组发病率的增加反映了东亚国家以人口为基础的大型研究,然而,根本原因尚未阐明。
    Diffuse large B-cell Lymphoma (DLBCL) is an aggressive subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). The disease generally occurs in older patients. Although at a lower prevalence, the disease also occurs in the adolescent and young adult group (AYA). There is paucity of data in the literature on racial and ethnic disparities in the incidence and survival outcomes of DLBCL in the AYA group. The objective of our study is to demonstrate the disparities in these outcomes. Utilizing SEER, we obtained data on patient demographics, incidence, and survival from 2000 to 2020. We observed statistically significant reduced incidence of DLBCL in all racial groups, except the non-Hispanic Asian and Pacific Islander group (NHAPI). The non-Hispanic Black group (NHB) had one of the lowest survival despite showing the largest decrease in incidence in DLBCL. The differences in the survival could be secondary to socioeconomic factors, however other reasons need to be explored. The increased incidence among the NHAPI group mirrors that of large population-based studies in East Asian countries, however, underlying reasons have not been elucidated.
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