Fibromatosis of the breast is a rare condition that can be locally aggressive. The mainstay of treatment remains wide local excision, with varied adjuvant therapy as needed. The authors describe their experience in the treatment of a series of patients and propose the classification of primary and secondary breast fibromatosis. A single-institution retrospective analysis of patients treated for breast fibromatosis from 2003 to 2017 was completed. Demographic data, pertinent past medical history, and treatment modalities were reviewed. Primary breast fibromatosis was defined as arising in the absence of previous surgery or radiation therapy to the ipsilateral breast. Secondary breast fibromatosis was defined as arising in the setting of previous surgery or radiation therapy to the ipsilateral breast. A total of 16 patients were included with the median age 40 (28-64) years. The average size of the lesion was 6.37 cm (range of 1.5-15 cm). Mean follow-up time was 65 months. Surgical excision was completed in 14 patients, with two recurrences. There were no recurrences in patients with surgical margins >1 cm. Two patients were treated nonsurgically. There were seven patients with primary fibromatosis of the breast and nine patients with secondary fibromatosis of the breast. Fibromatosis of the breast is difficult to diagnose prior to surgical excision. We advocate for the multi-disciplinary treatment of this disease process with an aggressive surgical approach to achieve margins >1 cm.

BACKGROUND: Desmoid tumors are borderline tumors of the connective tissue, arising in the musculo-aponeurotic stromal elements. A desmoid tumor (DT) has an infiltrative and locally aggressive growth pattern and usually does not metastasize; however, it has a high recurrence and complication rate. DT located in the breast (BDT) represents a rare extra-abdominal form. Recently, the presence of breast silicone implants was suggested by several researchers as a risk factor for developing BDT.
OBJECTIVE: The goal of this review is to investigate the possible correlation between BDT and breast implant surgery.
METHODS: We conducted a literature review of BDT-reported cases, associated with breast implant surgery.
RESULTS: The search revealed 36 cases of BDT associated with silicone breast implants.
CONCLUSIONS: Based on the reviewed data, the incidence of BDT following breast implant surgery is lower than BDT in the general population. At the moment, a possible association between breast implants and the development of breast desmoid tumors cannot be unequivocally confirmed. A world registry with accurate documentation of each case of BDT associated with breast implant surgery should be performed for future investigation.
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