Sirtuins是烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸(NAD)依赖性组蛋白脱乙酰酶家族,由七个成员SIRT1-SIRT7组成。Sirtuins在调节衰老和与年龄有关的疾病方面已被广泛研究。Sirtuins也是氧化应激和炎症的关键调节剂,因为它们可以调节下游转录因子(如叉头盒蛋白O3(FOXO3a)的表达和激活,核因子红系2相关因子2(Nrf2)和核因子-κB(NF-κB))以及抗氧化酶,通过表观遗传修饰和翻译后修饰。最重要的是,研究表明,异常沉默调节蛋白参与感染性和炎症性口腔疾病的发病机制,口腔癌。在这次审查中,我们全面概述了沉默调节蛋白在多个层面的调控模式,以及沉默调节蛋白在调节炎症中的重要作用,氧化应激,和骨骼代谢。我们总结了抗酸酶在牙周炎等几种口腔疾病中的参与,根尖周炎,牙髓炎,口腔念珠菌病,口腔疱疹病毒感染,氟斑牙,口腔癌。最后,我们讨论了沉默调节素作为口腔疾病治疗靶点的潜在用途。
Sirtuins are a family of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)+-dependent histone deacetylases, comprising seven members SIRT1-SIRT7. Sirtuins have been extensively studied in regulating ageing and age-related diseases. Sirtuins are also pivotal modulators in oxidative stress and inflammation, as they can regulate the expression and activation of downstream transcriptional factors (such as Forkhead box protein O3 (FOXO3a), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB)) as well as antioxidant enzymes, through epigenetic modification and post-translational modification. Most importantly, studies have shown that aberrant sirtuins are involved in the pathogenesis of infectious and inflammatory oral diseases, and oral cancer. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the regulatory patterns of sirtuins at multiple levels, and the essential roles of sirtuins in regulating inflammation, oxidative stress, and bone metabolism. We summarize the involvement of sirtuins in several oral diseases such as periodontitis, apical periodontitis, pulpitis, oral candidiasis, oral herpesvirus infections, dental fluorosis, and oral cancer. At last, we discuss the potential utilization of sirtuins as therapeutic targets in oral diseases.