目的:这项研究测试了野生黑猩猩的个体发育系列中股骨和肱骨的横截面几何形状(CSG)和横截面特性(CSP)(Pantroglodytesssp。)反映发育过程中的运动行为。目的是阐明Pan个体发育过程中肢体骨骼结构与运动行为之间的关系。
方法:乳胶铸造法用于重建股骨中段和肱骨中段的横截面。面积二阶矩(SMA)(Ix,Iy,Imax,Imin),与特定轴的弯曲刚度成正比,和极坐标SMA(J),与平均弯曲刚度成正比,是在截面位置计算的。从Ix/Iy和Imax/Imin比评估横截面形状(CSS)。比较了青少年和成人的子样本。
结果:与肱骨J相比,青少年和成年人的股骨J明显更大。幼年期和成年期之间的骨干循环性总体呈下降趋势,尽管仅在肱骨中发现了显着差异。
结论:幼年黑猩猩的运动包括前肢和后肢偏向的行为。青少年和成年人相对于前肢优先装载后肢。这可能表明类似的运动行为,尽管不能排除其他解释,包括青少年后肢偏向运动行为的多样性。前肢和后肢CSS的不同个体发育趋势与反映功能适应的肢体骨CSG一致,尽管骨功能适应的复杂性需要从生物力学分析中谨慎解释骨骼功能形态。
This study tests if femoral and humeral cross-sectional geometry (CSG) and cross-sectional properties (CSPs) in an ontogenetic series of wild-caught chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes ssp.) reflect locomotor behavior during development. The goal is to clarify the relationship between limb bone structure and locomotor behavior during ontogeny in Pan.
The latex cast method was used to reconstruct cross sections at the midshaft femur and mid-distal humerus. Second moments of area (SMAs) (Ix, Iy, Imax, Imin), which are proportional to bending rigidity about a specified axis, and the polar SMA (J), which is proportional to average bending rigidity, were calculated at section locations. Cross-sectional shape (CSS) was assessed from Ix/Iy and Imax/Imin ratios. Juvenile and adult subsamples were compared.
Juveniles and adults have significantly greater femoral J compared to humeral J. Mean interlimb proportions of J are not significantly different between the groups. There is an overall decreasing trend in diaphyseal circularity between the juvenile phase of development and adulthood, although significant differences are only found in the humerus.
Juvenile chimpanzee locomotion includes forelimb- and hindlimb-biased behaviors. Juveniles and adults preferentially load their hindlimbs relative to their forelimbs. This may indicate similar locomotor behavior, although other explanations including a diversity of hindlimb-biased locomotor behaviors in juveniles cannot be ruled out. Different ontogenetic trends in forelimb and hindlimb CSS are consistent with limb bone CSG reflecting functional adaptation, albeit the complex nature of bone functional adaptation requires cautious interpretations of skeletal functional morphology from biomechanical analyses.