这是第一个评估Cistusladanifer的labdanum精油中存在的三种酚类化合物的植物毒性活性的研究,地中海生态系统的一种化感物种。丙吡酮,4'-甲基苯乙酮,和2\',4'-二甲基苯乙酮略微抑制Lactucasativa的总萌发和胚根生长,它们强烈延迟发芽并减少下胚轴大小。另一方面,这些化合物对洋葱总发芽的抑制作用强于发芽率,和胚根长度与下胚轴大小相比。甲基的位置和数目将影响衍生物的功效。2\',4'-二甲基苯乙酮是最具植物毒性的化合物。化合物的活性取决于其浓度,并表现出兴奋作用。在L.sativa,在纸上,苯丙酮在更高浓度时表现出对下胚轴大小的更大抑制,IC50=0.1mM,而4'-甲基苯乙酮的发芽率获得IC50=0.4mM。当三种化合物的混合物被应用时,在L.sativa,在纸上,与单独施用化合物相比,对总发芽率和发芽率的抑制作用明显更大;此外,混合物抑制了胚根的生长,而苯乙酮和4'-甲基苯乙酮在单独施用时没有发挥这种作用。纯化合物的活性和混合物的活性也基于所使用的底物而改变。当试验在土壤中进行时,与纸上的试验相比,单独的化合物在更大程度上延迟了A.cepa的发芽,尽管它们刺激了幼苗的生长。在土壤中,L.sativa对4'-甲基苯乙酮也显示出相反的效果在低浓度(0.1mM),随着发芽率的刺激,而苯乙酮和4'-甲基苯乙酮的作用略有增加。
This is the first study to evaluate the phytotoxic activity of three phenolic compounds present in the essential oil of the labdanum of Cistus ladanifer, an allelopathic species of the Mediterranean ecosystem. Propiophenone, 4\'-methylacetophenone, and 2\',4\'-dimethylacetophenone slightly inhibit total germination and radicle growth of Lactuca sativa, and they strongly delay germination and reduce hypocotyl size. On the other hand, the inhibition effect of these compounds on Allium cepa was stronger on total germination than on germination rate, and radicle length compared to hypocotyl size. The position and number of methyl groups will affect the efficacy of the derivative. 2\',4\'-dimethylacetophenone was the most phytotoxic compound. The activity of the compounds depended on their concentration and presented hormetic effects. In L. sativa, on paper, propiophenone presented greater inhibition of hypocotyl size at greater concentrations, with IC50 = 0.1 mM, whereas 4\'-methylacetophenone obtained IC50 = 0.4 mM for germination rate. When the mixture of the three compounds was applied, in L. sativa, on paper, the inhibition effect on total germination and the germination rate was significantly greater compared to the effect of the compounds when they were applied separately; moreover, the mixture inhibited radicle growth, whereas propiophenone and 4\'-methylacetophenone did not exert such effect when applied separately. The activity of the pure compounds and that of the mixture also changed based on the substrate used. When the trial was conducted in soil, the separate compounds delayed the germination of the A. cepa to a greater extent compared to the trial on paper, although they stimulated seedling growth. In soil, L. sativa against 4\'-methylacetophenone also showed the opposite effect at low concentrations (0.1 mM), with stimulation of germination rate, whereas propiophenone and 4\'-methylacetophenone presented a slightly increased effect.