柚子(柑橘),最大的柑橘类水果,提供多种营养素,具有多种健康益处,包括抗氧化和抗糖尿病功能。抗氧化剂通过中和活性氧(ROS)和减少细胞损伤来帮助对抗氧化应激。另一方面,抗糖尿病特性涉及增强胰岛素分泌等机制,改善胰岛素敏感性,抑制碳水化合物的消化和吸收,和调节葡萄糖代谢。然而,缺乏理化成分比较分析的数据,生物活性特性,以及孟加拉国种植的柚子果实的抗糖尿病作用。为了解决这个问题,在孟加拉国种植的最常见和最受欢迎的高产五个柚子果实品种,包括当地,BARI-2(BARI:孟加拉国农业研究所,BatabiLebu-2),对BARI-3、BARI-4和BARI-6进行了近似评估,矿物,和理化性质及其抗糖尿病和抗氧化性质。研究表明,所有柚子品种都含有大量的近缘成分和主要矿物质(Ca,Mg,K,Na,和Fe)。出汁率最高(75.37±0.33%),维生素C含量(79.56±2.26mg/100mL新鲜果汁),在BARI-3柚果中发现了类胡萝卜素含量(919.33±0.62μMβ-胡萝卜素当量/gDM),并遵循以下顺序(p<0.05):BARI-3>局部>BARI-4>BARI-6>BARI-2;BARI-3>局部>BARI-2>BARI-4>BARI-2,在BARI-2柚子品种中,发现花色苷含量和α-葡萄糖苷酶的抑制活性达到峰值,其值为50.65±2.27μg花青素3-葡萄糖苷当量/100gDM和85.57±0.00μM阿卡波糖当量/gDM,分别。BARI-3柚子品种表现出最高的DPPH抗氧化能力(170.47±0.01μMTrolox当量/gDM),而BARI-6柚子品种表现出最高的总酚含量(6712.30±1.84μg没食子酸当量/gDM),和铁还原抗氧化能力活性(183.16±0.01μMFe(II)当量/gDM)。因此,这项研究探讨了孟加拉国五个受欢迎的柚子品种的营养价值和生物活性,为利用高价值柑橘资源和了解其促进健康的功能提供有价值的见解。
Pomelo (Citrus maxima), the largest citrus fruit, provides a variety of nutrients that have several health benefits, including antioxidant and antidiabetic functions. Antioxidants help combat oxidative stress by neutralizing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reducing cellular damage. On the other hand, antidiabetic properties involve mechanisms such as enhancing insulin secretion, improving insulin sensitivity, inhibiting carbohydrate digestion and absorption, and regulating glucose metabolism. However, there is a lack of data on the comparative analysis of the physicochemical composition, bioactive properties, and antidiabetic effects of pomelo fruits grown in Bangladesh. To address this issue, the most common and popular high-yielding five cultivars of pomelo fruits grown in Bangladesh including LOCAL, BARI-2 (BARI: Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Batabi Lebu-2), BARI-3, BARI-4, and BARI-6 were evaluated concerning proximate, minerals, and physicochemical properties with their antidiabetic and antioxidant properties. Research has revealed that all pomelo varieties contained a significant amount of proximate compositions and major minerals (Ca, Mg, K, Na, and Fe). The highest juice yield (75.37 ± 0.33 %), vitamin C content (79.56 ± 2.26 mg/100 mL of fresh juice), and carotenoid content (919.33 ± 0.62 μM β-Carotene Equivalent/g DM) were found in BARI-3 pomelo fruit and adhered to the sequence (p < 0.05): BARI-3 > LOCAL > BARI-4 > BARI-6 > BARI-2; BARI-3 > LOCAL > BARI-2 > BARI-4 > BARI-6, and BARI-3 > BARI-2 > BARI-6 > LOCAL > BARI-4, respectively. The anthocyanin content and inhibitory activity of α-glucosidase were found to be at their peak in the BARI-2 pomelo variety and the values were 50.65 ± 2.27 μg cyanidin 3-glucoside equivalents/100 g DM and 85.57 ± 0.00 μM acarbose equivalents/g DM, respectively. BARI-3 pomelo variety showed highest DPPH antioxidant capacity (170.47 ± 0.01 μM Trolox equivalents/g DM), while the BARI-6 pomelo variety exhibited the highest total phenolic content (6712.30 ± 1.84 μg gallic acid equivalents/g DM), and ferric-reducing antioxidant power activity (183.16 ± 0.01 μM Fe(II) equivalents/g DM). Therefore, this study explores the nutritional value and bioactivity of five popular pomelo varieties in Bangladesh, offering valuable insights for utilizing high-value citrus resources and understanding their health-promoting functions.