潜在有毒元素(PTE),尤其是饮用水中的砷,构成重大的全球健康风险,包括癌症.本研究通过分析十二种地下水资源,评估了蒂尔基耶黑海沿岸吉雷森省的地下水质量。常量营养素的平均浓度(mg/L)为:Ca(10.53±6.63),Na(6.81±3.47),Mg(3.39±2.27),和K(2.05±1.10)。PTE的平均水平(µg/L)为:Al(40.02±15.45),Fe(17.65±14.35),锌(5.63±2.59),V(4.74±5.85),Cu(1.57±0.81),Mn(1.02±0.76),如(0.93±0.73),Cr(0.75±0.57),Ni(0.41±0.18),Pb(0.36±0.23),Cd(0.10±0.05)。所有PTE水平均符合世卫组织饮用水安全准则,整体水质优良。重金属评价指数(HEI<10)和重金属污染指数(HPI<45)表示所有站点的低污染水平。灌溉水质基本充足,如镁危害(MH)所示,钠吸附比(SAR),Na%,和凯利的比率(KR)。总危害指数(THI)值始终低于1,表明没有非致癌健康风险。然而,在10号车站(市中心),成人因砷引起的癌症风险(CR)略高于阈值(1.44E-04).使用主成分分析(PCA),正矩阵分解(PMF),和地理信息系统(GIS)制图,该研究确定,大多数PTE起源于自然地质构造或自然和人类来源的组合,人类活动的影响最小。这些发现突出了所研究地下水源的安全性和可靠性,强调他们的长期潜力,为附近居民安全供水。
Potentially toxic elements (PTEs), especially arsenic in drinking water, pose significant global health risks, including cancer. This study evaluates the groundwater quality in Giresun province on the Black Sea coast of Türkiye by analyzing twelve groundwater resources. The mean concentrations of macronutrients (mg/L) were: Ca (10.53 ± 6.63), Na (6.81 ± 3.47), Mg (3.39 ± 2.27), and K (2.05 ± 1.10). The mean levels of PTEs (µg/L) were: Al (40.02 ± 15.45), Fe (17.65 ± 14.35), Zn (5.63 ± 2.59), V (4.74 ± 5.85), Cu (1.57 ± 0.81), Mn (1.02 ± 0.76), As (0.93 ± 0.73), Cr (0.75 ± 0.57), Ni (0.41 ± 0.18), Pb (0.36 ± 0.23), and Cd (0.10 ± 0.05). All PTE levels complied with WHO drinking water safety guidelines, and overall water quality was excellent. The heavy metal evaluation index (HEI < 10) and heavy metal pollution index (HPI < 45) indicate low pollution levels across all stations. Irrigation water quality was largely adequate, as shown by the magnesium hazard (MH), sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), Na%, and Kelly\'s ratio (KR). The total hazard index (THI) values consistently remained below 1, indicating no non-carcinogenic health risks. However, at station 10 (city center), the cancer risk (CR) for adults due to arsenic was slightly above the threshold (1.44E-04). Using principal component analysis (PCA), positive matrix factorization (PMF), and geographic information system (GIS) mapping, the study determined that most PTEs originated from natural geological formations or a combination of natural and human sources, with minimal impact from human activities. These findings highlight the safety and reliability of the groundwater sources studied, emphasizing their potential as a long-term, safe water supply for nearby populations.