PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Arsenic, existing in various chemical forms such as arsenate (As(V)) and arsenite (As(III)), demands serious attention in water and environmental contexts due to its significant health risks. It is classified as \"carcinogenic to humans\" by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) and is listed by the World Health Organization (WHO) as one of the top 10 chemicals posing major public health concerns. This widespread contamination results in millions of people globally being exposed to dangerous levels of arsenic, making it a top priority for the WHO. Chronic arsenic toxicity, known as arsenicosis, presents with specific skin lesions like pigmentation and keratosis, along with systemic manifestations including chronic lung diseases, liver issues, vascular problems, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and cancer, often leading to fatal outcomes. Therefore, it is crucial to explore novel, cost-effective, and reliable methods with rapid response and improved sensitivities (detection limits). Most of the traditional detection techniques often face limitations in terms of complexity, cost, and the need for sophisticated equipment requiring skilled analysts and procedures, which thereby impedes their practical use, particularly in resource-constrained settings. Colorimetric methods leverage colour changes which are observable and quantifiable using simple instrumentation or even visual inspection. This review explores the colorimetric techniques designed to detect arsenite and arsenate in water. It covers recent developments in colorimetric techniques, and advancements in the role of nanomaterials in colorimetric arsenic detection, followed by discussion on current challenges and future prospects. The review emphasizes efforts to improve sensitivity, selectivity, cost, and portability, as well as the role of advanced materials/nanomaterials to boost the performance of colorimetric assays/sensors towards combatting this pervasive global health concern.
摘要：
砷,以各种化学形式存在，如砷酸盐(As(V))和亚砷酸盐(As(III))，由于其重大的健康风险，在水和环境方面需要认真关注。它被国际癌症研究机构（IARC）列为“对人类致癌”，并被世界卫生组织（WHO）列为引起重大公共卫生关注的十大化学物质之一。这种广泛的污染导致全球数百万人暴露于危险水平的砷，将其作为世卫组织的首要任务。慢性砷毒性，被称为砷中毒，表现为特定的皮肤病变，如色素沉着和角化病，包括慢性肺部疾病在内的全身表现，肝脏问题,血管问题,高血压,糖尿病,和癌症，经常导致致命的结果。因此,探索小说至关重要，成本效益高,和可靠的方法，具有快速的响应和改进的灵敏度（检测限）。大多数传统的检测技术往往面临着复杂性方面的局限性,成本,和需要复杂的设备需要熟练的分析员和程序，从而阻碍了它们的实际使用，特别是在资源受限的环境中。比色法利用颜色变化是可观察和量化使用简单的仪器或甚至视觉检查。这篇综述探讨了旨在检测水中亚砷酸盐和砷酸盐的比色技术。它涵盖了比色技术的最新发展，以及纳米材料在比色砷检测中的作用的进展，然后讨论当前的挑战和未来的前景。检讨强调努力提高敏感度,选择性,成本,和便携性，以及先进材料/纳米材料在提高比色测定/传感器性能以对抗这种普遍的全球健康问题方面的作用。
