目的:1岁时屈光不正与发生弱视或调节性内斜视的风险之间的关系,以及早期眼镜提供的保护,是未知的。这些是在早期眼镜研究中确定的,一个潜在的,以人口为基础,纵向,随机对照研究。我们报告基线结果。
方法:在儿童保健中心(CHC)招募年龄在12-18个月的健康儿童,并接受入室正交检查,然后进行睫状肌麻痹视网膜检查。弱视儿童,斜视,排除眼科疾病或非常高的屈光不正.超过AAPOS2003标准(>+3.5D球形当量(SE),>1.5D散光,>1.5D屈光参差)随机分为戴眼镜或不戴眼镜,并由研究骨科医师跟进。其他儿童在CHC进行定期视力筛查,并在所有4岁儿童中测量视敏度。
结果:865名儿童的父母被称为,123被排除在外。在742名儿童中,601人在14.5±1.7个月时接受了入口镜检查。平均SE为+1.73±1.18D,散光-0.70±0.44D,屈光参差0.21D(IQR:0-0.25)。在超过标准的62名儿童中(10.3%),52例随机分为戴眼镜或不戴眼镜。在其他539名儿童中,522在CHC进行了随访。总的来说,排除31例:2例斜视和弱视,7斜视,2名弱视嫌疑人,1名斜视疑犯,1在鼻窦炎期间斜视,4过度屈光不正,9近视,2上眼睑,1动眼失用症,1Duane综合征,1先天性眼球震颤。
结论:斜视患病率(10/601)与预期相符,但弱视的患病率(2/601)较低,这表明普通弱视的发展比一般认为的要晚。
结论:已知什么•高屈光不正导致弱视,但是没有研究确定1岁时屈光不正的种类和大小与发生弱视的风险之间的确切关系,并评估了眼镜的保护作用,以人口为基础,纵向研究。什么是新的•在基线,601名儿童在14.5±1.7个月的年龄接受了完整的矫形检查,然后在睫状肌麻痹中进行视网膜镜检查;10.3%的儿童屈光不正超过球面当量>3.5D,>1.5D散光,>1D斜散光或>1.5D屈光参差。•弱视的患病率低于预期(0.3%),表明大多数弱视在生命的第一年后发展。•屈光参差的患病率,与年龄较大的儿童弱视有关,低(0.8%)。
OBJECTIVE: The relationship between refractive error at age 1 and the risk of developing amblyopia or accommodative esotropia, and the protection offered by early glasses, is unknown. These are determined in the Early Glasses Study, a prospective, population-based, longitudinal, randomized controlled study. We report baseline findings.
METHODS: Healthy children aged 12-18 months were recruited at Children\'s Healthcare Centres (CHCs) and received an entry orthoptic examination followed by cycloplegic retinoscopy. Children with amblyopia, strabismus, ophthalmic disease or very high refractive error were excluded. Those exceeding the AAPOS 2003 Criteria (> + 3.5D spherical equivalent (SE), > 1.5D astigmatism, > 1.5D
anisometropia) were randomized into wearing glasses or not, and are followed-up by research orthoptists. Other children are followed-up by regular vision screening at CHCs and visual acuity is measured in all children at age 4.
RESULTS: Parents of 865 children were called, 123 were excluded. Of 742 children enrolled, 601 underwent the entry orthoptic examination at age 14.5 ± 1.7 months. Mean SE was + 1.73 ± 1.18D, astigmatism -0.70 ± 0.44D,
anisometropia 0.21D (IQR: 0-0.25). Of 62 (10.3%) children exceeding the Criteria, 52 were randomized into wearing glasses or not. Of 539 other children, 522 are followed up at CHCs. In total, 31 were excluded: 2 had strabismus and amblyopia, 7 strabismus, 2 amblyopia suspect, 1 strabismus suspect, 1 squinting during sinusitis, 4 excessive refractive error, 9 myopia, 2 ptosis, 1 oculomotor apraxia, 1 Duane syndrome, 1 congenital nystagmus.
CONCLUSIONS: Prevalence of strabismus (10/601) was as expected, but prevalence of amblyopia (2/601) was low, suggesting that common amblyopia develops later than generally thought.
CONCLUSIONS: What is known • High refractive errors cause amblyopia, but no study has determined the exact relationship between the kind and size of refractive error at age 1 and the risk to develop amblyopia, and assessed the protective effect of glasses in a controlled, population-based, longitudinal study. What is new • At baseline, 601 children received a full orthoptic examination followed by retinoscopy in cycloplegia at the age of 14.5 ± 1.7 months; 10.3% had high refractive error exceeding spherical equivalent > + 3.5D, > 1.5D astigmatism, > 1D oblique astigmatism or > 1.5D
anisometropia. • The prevalence of amblyopia was lower (0.3%) than expected, suggesting that most amblyopia develops after the first year of life. • The prevalence of
anisometropia, associated with amblyopia in older children, was low (0.8%).