背景:偏头痛是女性残疾的第四大常见原因,也是男性的第八大常见原因。中枢致敏现象易患慢性偏头痛,通常在女性中更为明显。目的:这项回顾性观察研究的目的是寻找参加三级头痛中心的偏头痛受试者人群的性别差异。集中于中枢致敏的症状,如异常性疼痛和颅骨压痛。方法:本研究基于2018年1月1日至2022年12月31日在三级头痛中心收集的数据。临床访谈包括偏头痛的主要特征,异常性疼痛,残疾问卷,颅周压痛评分,焦虑和抑郁量表。结果:我们总共选择了1,087名偏头痛受试者(233名男性)。恐惧症在女性中占主导地位,恶心也是如此。残疾分数,头痛强度,异常性疼痛,焦虑,抑郁症在女性中占主导地位,没有更年期年龄起作用。两种性别的有症状药物使用频率相似。异常性疼痛评分是男女之间最大的区别因素。结论:偏头痛的女性比男性更容易报告急性异常性疼痛,恶心,和恐惧症,也更容易焦虑,沮丧,和残疾人。这些特征似乎与生育年龄无关,并且可能与性别特异性遗传特征有关。这些症状代表了感觉过敏和中枢敏感的趋势,应在偏头痛的女性和男性中仔细评估,以期可能预测慢性发展。
Background: Migraine is the fourth most common cause of disability in women and the eighth most common cause in men. Central sensitization phenomena predispose to chronic migraine and are generally more pronounced in women. Objective: The aim of this retrospective observational study was to look for sex differences in a population of migraine subjects attending a tertiary headache center, focusing on symptoms of central sensitization such as
allodynia and pericranial tenderness. Methods: This study is based on data collected at a tertiary headache center between January 1, 2018, and December 31, 2022. The clinical interview included the main features of migraine,
allodynia, a disability questionnaire, the pericranial tenderness score, and anxiety and depression scales. Results: We selected a total of 1,087 migraine subjects (233 men). Osmophobia predominated in women, as did nausea. Disability scores, headache intensity,
allodynia, anxiety, and depression predominated in women, without menopausal age playing a role. The frequency of symptomatic medication use was similar in both sexes.
Allodynia score was the largest discriminating factor between women and men. Conclusions: Women with migraine are more likely than men to report acute
allodynia, nausea, and osmophobia and are also more likely to be anxious, depressed, and disabled. These features appear to be independent of fertile age and are probably related to sex-specific genetic characteristics. These symptoms represent a tendency toward sensory hypersensitivity and central sensitization that should be carefully assessed in both women and men with migraine with a view to possibly predicting chronic development.