作为一种重要的新兴污染物,微塑料(MPs)在生态系统中的命运日益受到全球关注。除了流体动力学和动物,藻类还可以影响MPs在水生环境中的运输,这可能会从水柱中清除国会议员。尽管研究人员已经对海洋和淡水环境中藻类调节的MP的汇进行了许多研究,仍然缺乏全面的理解,加上研究内容和发现越来越分散。这篇综述旨在对这些过程进行系统的讨论,机制,和影响因素,再加上藻类的MP变化。确定的主要过程包括保留,絮凝,沉积,和退化。MPs的保留是通过将MPs粘附到藻类或将MPs嵌入/结壳到藻类的表生基质中来实现的。从而防止MP随水流迁移。藻类代谢活动产生的胞外聚合物(EPS)和酶不仅可以导致包含MPs的聚集体的形成,而且可以导致MPs的生物降解。藻类在水生环境中改变MP命运的过程非常复杂,并且可能受到各种因素的影响,例如藻类属性,微塑料特性和环境条件。这篇综述提供了对水生MPs命运的最新进展的见解,并强调了对MPs-藻类相互作用进行进一步研究的必要性。有可能缩短水生生态系统中MP汇的知识差距。
As an important emerging pollutant, the fate of microplastics (MPs) in ecosystems is of growing global concern. In addition to hydrodynamics and animals,
algae can also affect the transport of MPs in aquatic environments, which could potentially remove MPs from the water column. Although researchers have conducted many studies on the sink of MPs regulated by
algae in both marine and freshwater environments, there is still a lack of comprehensive understanding coupled with the increasingly scattered study contents and findings. This review aims to provide a systematic discussion of the processes, mechanisms, and influencing factors, which are coupled with the sink of MPs changes by
algae. The main processes identified include retention, flocculation, deposition, and degradation. The retention of MPs is achieved by adhesion of MPs to
algae or embedment/encrustation of MPs within the epibiont matrix of
algae, thereby preventing MPs from migrating with water currents. The extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and enzymes produced by algal metabolic activities can lead not only to the formation of aggregates containing MPs but also to the biodegradation of MPs. The processes that algae alter the fate of MPs in aquatic environments are very complex and can be influenced by various factors such as algal attributes, microplastic characteristics and environmental conditions. This review provides insights into recent advances in the fate of aquatic MPs and highlights the need for further research on MPs-algae interactions, potentially shortening the knowledge gap in the sink of MPs in aquatic ecosystems.