背景技术糖尿病足溃疡(DFU)是患有不受控制的糖尿病(DM)的糖尿病患者的最常见和致命的并发症之一,其可能以脚截肢结束。这些并发症可以通过糖尿病患者坚持他们的糖尿病管理计划和通过教育他们的风险因素来预防。糖尿病足的并发症,和适当的足部护理。制定有效的健康教育计划,对糖尿病患者和护理人员进行糖尿病足及其有效护理的教育,我们应该首先找出患者对糖尿病足知识和认知的差距,并评估他们的足部护理实践。目的本研究旨在评估在Al-Qunfudah糖尿病中心就诊的成年糖尿病患者对DFU的知识和态度以及足部护理实践,沙特阿拉伯,从2022年10月到2023年3月。方法本横断面研究共招募403名成年糖尿病患者,他们在Al-Qunfudah地区的糖尿病中心就诊。沙特阿拉伯。研究人员使用经过验证的带有封闭式问题的问卷对每位糖尿病患者进行了面对面的访谈,以收集他们对DFU的知识和态度以及对足部护理的行为的回答。收集的数据使用IBMSPSSStatisticsforWindows进行分析,版本23(2015年发布;IBMCorp.,Armonk,纽约,美国)。结果403例糖尿病患者中,50.4%(n=203)知识不足(知识得分<80%),46.4%(n=187)对DFU有消极态度(态度得分<80%),大多数人不能很好地进行足部护理,77.7%(n=313)的练习分数低于80%。70例患者(17.4%)自我报告有DFU病史。糖尿病患者对DFU的良好了解的预测因素包括年龄在30至59岁之间(比值比(OR)=2.942,置信区间(CI)95%=1.695-2.107,p<0.001),婚姻(OR=3.101,CI95%=1.893-5.079,p<0.001),工作(OR=5.325,CI95%=3.019-9.389,p<0.001),文凭教育(OR=8.205,CI95%=3.332-20.203,p<0.001),口服药物治疗糖尿病(OR=2.219,CI95%=1.399-3.519,p<0.001),并且没有DFU(OR=2.712,CI95%=1.557-4.723,p<0.001)。男性更有可能做好足部护理(OR=1.925,CI95%=1.142-3.245,p=0.013)。初等教育(OR=3.421,CI95%=1.655-7.073,p<0.001)可预测适当的足部护理。预期DM患者1-5年(OR=1.995,CI95%=1.139-3.493,p=0.016)和饮食和二甲双胍患者(OR=2.133,CI95%=1.134-4.011,p=0.019)比其他糖尿病患者有更好的足部护理。结论沙特阿拉伯Al-Qunfudah地区的糖尿病患者对DFU的知识和消极态度不足,他们的足部护理行为不足。此外,DFU在约17%的糖尿病患者中自我报告。建议实施专门的培训计划,以增强糖尿病患者对DFU的了解,并激励和培训他们和护理人员如何进行适当的足部护理。这些教育计划应该针对所有糖尿病患者,强调那些有DFU的人,女性,非工作患者,患有DM的时间更长的人,和文盲糖尿病患者。了解患者对糖尿病足的消极态度背后的因素,未来的定性研究是必需的。
Background Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are one of the most common and fatal complications of diabetic patients with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus (DM) that may end with their feet amputation. These complications can be prevented through the adherence of diabetic patients to their diabetes management plan and by educating them about risk factors, complications of diabetic foot, and proper foot care. To develop effective health education programs to educate diabetic patients and caregivers regarding diabetic foot and its effective care, we should first identify gaps in patients\' knowledge and perception of diabetic foot and evaluate their practice of foot care. Objectives This study aimed to evaluate knowledge and attitude toward DFUs and the practice of foot care among adult diabetic patients attending Al-Qunfudah Diabetes Center, Saudi Arabia, from October 2022 to March 2023. Methods A total of 403 adult diabetic patients were recruited in this cross-sectional study during their attendance at the diabetes center in Al-Qunfudah district, Saudi Arabia. The study researchers conducted a physical face-to-face interview with each diabetic patient using a validated questionnaire with closed-ended questions to collect their responses regarding their knowledge and attitude toward DFUs and their behavior toward foot care. The collected data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, version 23 (released 2015; IBM Corp., Armonk, New York, United States). Results Out of 403 diabetics, 50.4% (n = 203) had inadequate knowledge (knowledge score < 80%), 46.4% (n = 187) had negative attitudes (attitude score < 80%) toward DFUs, and the majority could not practice foot care well, with 77.7% (n = 313) giving a practice score less than 80%. Seventy patients (17.4%) self-reported a history of DFUs. Predictors of good knowledge about DFUs among diabetics include age between 30 and 59 years (odds ratio (OR) = 2.942, confidence interval (CI) 95% = 1.695-2.107, p < 0.001), marriage (OR = 3.101, CI 95% = 1.893-5.079, p < 0.001), working (OR = 5.325, CI 95% = 3.019-9.389, p < 0.001), diploma education (OR = 8.205, CI 95% = 3.332-20.203, p < 0.001), managing DM with oral drugs (OR = 2.219, CI 95% = 1.399-3.519, p < 0.001), and having no DFUs (OR = 2.712, CI 95% = 1.557-4.723, p < 0.001). Males were more likely to practice foot care well (OR = 1.925, CI 95% = 1.142-3.245, p = 0.013). Primary education (OR = 3.421, CI 95% = 1.655-7.073, p < 0.001) predicted appropriate foot care. Patients with DM for one to five years (OR = 1.995, CI 95% = 1.139-3.493, p = 0.016) and those on diet and metformin (OR = 2.133, CI 95% = 1.134-4.011, p = 0.019) were expected to have better foot care than other diabetics. Conclusion Diabetic patients in the Al-Qunfudah district of Saudi Arabia had inadequate knowledge and negative attitudes toward DFUs, and their foot care behaviors were inadequate. Furthermore, DFUs were self-reported in around 17% of diabetic patients. Specialized training programs are recommended to enhance knowledge regarding DFUs among diabetics and motivate and train them and caregivers on how to conduct proper foot care. These educational programs should target all diabetics, with an emphasis on those with DFUs, females, non-working patients, individuals who have had DM for a longer time, and illiterate diabetics. To understand the factors behind patients\' negative attitudes toward diabetic foot, future qualitative research is required.