结构性脑异常相对常见,可以在产前或产后检测到。大脑畸形可以根据被扰乱的发育过程来表征,无论是通过环境,传染性,破坏性或遗传原因。胎儿和新生儿脑畸形应彻底监测潜在的其他异常,根据大脑畸形的性质,可能需要额外的调查,如基因检测,眼科检查,心肺监测,和筛选实验室研究。
Structural brain anomalies are relatively common and may be detected either prenatally or postnatally. Brain malformations can be characterized based on the developmental processes that have been perturbed, either by environmental, infectious, disruptive or genetic causes. Fetuses and neonates with brain malformations should be thoroughly surveilled for potential other anomalies, and depending on the nature of the brain malformation, may require additional investigations such as genetic testing, ophthalmological examinations, cardiorespiratory monitoring, and screening laboratory studies.