目的:工作场所损伤在美国是司空见惯的现象。脊柱损伤尤其具有破坏性,因为它们会导致慢性疼痛并限制流动性,从而阻止患者重返工作岗位。更好地了解患者,机制,与这些损伤相关的治疗可以帮助改善结果。这项研究的目的是表征与工作有关的脊柱损伤的性质。
方法:从2017年到2019年,国家创伤数据库查询了涉及宫颈的所有诊断,胸廓,腰椎,和骶骨脊柱。患者人口统计学,合并症,损伤特征,脊柱诊断,并为每个职业确定了程序。职业产业,患者人口统计学,损伤机制,诊断,和脊柱手术的特点。
结果:在2017年至2019年期间,共发现100,842起与工作有关的伤害。其中,19,002(19%)是脊柱损伤,随后,3963(21%)需要脊柱手术。在建筑工人中发现了八千二十九例(42%),西班牙裔患者比例最高(36%)。吸烟在劳动密集型职业中普遍存在,脊柱损伤率很高,例如建筑物和地面维护。最常见的损伤机制是从屋顶坠落。最常见的损伤诊断是L1、L2和L3骨折,最常见的手术是T12-L1融合,多层胸部融合,和多级腰椎融合。
结论:在美国,脊柱损伤占工作相关损伤的很大一部分,相当一部分需要神经外科手术。最初的努力应集中在建筑业腰椎损伤的预防和管理上。
Workplace injury is a commonplace occurrence in the USA. Spine injuries are especially devastating as they can cause chronic pain and limit mobility which prevents patients from returning to work. Gaining a better understanding of the patients, mechanisms, and treatments associated with these injuries can aid in improving outcomes. The purpose of this study is to characterize the nature of work-related spine injuries.
The National Trauma Data Bank was queried from 2017 to 2019 for all diagnoses involving the cervical, thoracic, lumbar, and sacral spine. Patient demographics, comorbidities, injury characteristics, spinal diagnoses, and procedures were identified for each occupation. Occupational industries, patient demographics, mechanisms of injury, diagnoses, and spinal procedures were characterized.
A total of 100,842 work-related injuries were identified between 2017 and 2019. Of those, 19,002 (19%) were spine injuries, and subsequently, 3963 (21%) required spinal surgery. Eight thousand twenty-nine (42%) cases were seen among construction workers, which had the highest proportion of Hispanic patients (36%). Smoking was prevalent in labor-intensive occupations with high rates of spine injury such as building and grounds maintenance. The most common mechanism of injury was a fall from a roof. The most common injury diagnoses were L1, L2, and L3 fractures, and the most common procedures were T12-L1 fusion, multilevel thoracic fusion, and multilevel lumbar fusion.
Spine injuries represent a significant portion of work-related injuries in the USA and a considerable portion require neurosurgical intervention. Initial efforts should focus on the prevention and management of lumbar spine injuries in the construction industry.