背景:护士和助产士在COVID-19大流行高峰期所扮演的英雄角色中,受到COVID-19大流行的困扰。护士站在医疗保健行业的同龄人中拯救生命。大流行对护士的身体造成了伤害,心理上,和社会经济。众多的死亡给护士带来了创伤,再加上对可能感染的恐惧。护士们看到他们的同事和亲人在这场流行病中丧生,然而,无论情况如何,他们仍然会照顾病人。正因为如此,必须确定在医疗保健服务中急需的护士受到这场大流行影响的程度。这项范围审查使用Arksey和O'Malley的审查方法来调查在大流行高峰期间遇到的与工作相关的心理社会挑战护士的性质。注意到这些挑战的主要贡献者以及用来应对这些挑战的应对策略。
方法:我们进行了范围审查,并从包括PUBMED在内的五个数据库中搜索了文章,CINAHL,Scopus,谷歌学者,和灰色文献从2019年12月到2021年12月。该研究共检索到7,334篇文章,但45篇符合纳入标准。
结果:确定的与工作相关的心理社会挑战包括压力,倦怠(情绪疲惫和人格解体),创伤后应激障碍,抑郁症,失眠,和焦虑。造成挑战的因素是个人防护装备(PPEs)不足,使用PPE感到不适,极端的工作量,和疲劳。护士经历过工作不安全感,业务关闭,与家人和亲人的分离,这些促成了他们的挑战。应对挑战的策略集中在以情绪为中心和以问题为中心的应对上。
结论:该研究建议为所有在一线工作的护士提供定期咨询和支持,以帮助他们更好地应对大流行的破坏性影响,从而使他们能够建立应对未来大流行的能力。
BACKGROUND: Nurses and midwives have been stretched by the COVID-19 pandemic amidst the heroic roles they have played during the peak of the COVID-19 pandemic. Nurses stood tall among their peers in the healthcare industry saving lives. The pandemic has had a toll on nurses physically, psychologically, and socio-economically. The numerous deaths have traumatized nurses coupled with the fear of possible infection. Nurses have seen their colleagues and loved ones lose their lives to the pandemic, nevertheless, they still render care to patients no matter the circumstances. Due to that, it is imperative to ascertain the extent to which nurses who are much needed in healthcare delivery have been affected by this pandemic. This scoping
review used Arksey and O\'Malley\'s
review methodology to investigate the nature of work-related psychosocial challenges nurses encountered during the peak of the pandemic, noting the major contributors to the challenges and the coping strategies used to address them.
METHODS: We performed a scoping
review and searched for articles from five databases including PUBMED, CINAHL, SCOPUS, Google Scholar, and Grey literature from December 2019 to December 2021. A total of 7,334 articles were retrieved for the study but 45 met the inclusion criteria.
RESULTS: Work-related psychosocial challenges identified included stress, burnout (emotional exhaustion and depersonalization), Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, depression, sleeplessness, and anxiety. Factors that accounted for the challenges were inadequate personal protective equipment (PPEs), discomfort using the PPEs, extreme workload, and fatigue. Nurses experienced job insecurity, business closure, and separation from family and loved ones, and these contributed to their challenges. Strategies used to deal with the challenges centred on emotion-focused and problem-focused coping.
CONCLUSIONS: The study recommends regular counselling and support for all nurses working at the frontline to help them better cope with the devastating effects of the pandemic so that they could build resilience towards future pandemics.