目的:衰老与认知能力下降有关。这项研究调查了抗阻运动(RE)和补充乳清蛋白(PRO)对老年男性认知功能的个体和综合影响。
方法:在集合组分析中,36名年龄较大的男性(年龄:67±4岁)被随机分为RE(2次/周;n=18)或无运动(NE;n=18),和PRO(2×25克/天乳清蛋白分离物;n=18)或对照(CON,2×23.75g麦芽糊精/天;n=18)。还在RE+CON(n=9)和RE+PRO(n=9)之间进行子分析。在基线和12周,参与者完成了一系列神经心理学测试(CANTAB;剑桥认知,英国)和神经生物学,炎症,对唾液皮质醇和胰岛素敏感性生物标志物进行定量.
结果:PRO改善执行功能z评分(+0.31±0.08)高于CON(+0.06±0.08,P=0.03),并且有改善整体认知功能的趋势(P=0.053)。RE和RE+PRO没有改善任何认知功能域(p≥0.07)。与NE相比,RE降低了肿瘤坏死因子-α(P=0.02)和白细胞介素-6(P=0.048)的浓度,但生物标志物的变化与认知领域的变化无关.基线时,肌肉力量(r=0.34,P=0.045)和身体功能(ρ=0.35-0.51,P<0.05)结果与认知功能域呈正相关。但干预后只有Δ骨骼肌指数与Δ情景记忆相关(r=0.34,P=0.046)。
结论:在老年男性中,PRO改善认知功能,尤其是执行功能。RE没有改善任何认知功能领域,但确实减少了全身性炎症的生物标志物。没有观察到协同作用。
OBJECTIVE: Ageing is associated with cognitive decline. This study investigated the individual and combined effects of resistance exercise (RE) and whey protein supplementation (PRO) on cognitive function in older men.
METHODS: In a pooled-groups analysis, 36 older men (age: 67 ± 4 years) were randomised to either RE (2 x/week; n = 18) or no exercise (NE; n = 18), and either PRO (2 × 25 g/d whey protein isolate; n = 18) or control (CON, 2 × 23.75 g maltodextrin/d; n = 18). A sub-analysis was also conducted between RE + CON (n = 9) and RE + PRO (n = 9). At baseline and 12 weeks, participants completed a battery of neuropsychological tests (CANTAB; Cambridge Cognition, UK) and neurobiological, inflammatory, salivary cortisol and insulin sensitivity biomarkers were quantified.
RESULTS: PRO improved executive function z-score (+0.31 ± 0.08) greater than CON (+0.06 ± 0.08, P = 0.03) and there was a trend towards improved global cognitive function (P = 0.053). RE and RE + PRO did not improve any cognitive function domains (p ≥ 0.07). RE decreased tumor necrosis factor-alpha (P = 0.02) and interleukin-6 (P = 0.048) concentrations compared to NE, but changes in biomarkers did not correlate with changes in cognitive domains. Muscle strength (r = 0.34, P = 0.045) and physical function (ρ = 0.35-0.51, P < 0.05) outcomes positively correlated with cognitive function domains at baseline, but only Δskeletal muscle index correlated with Δepisodic memory (r = 0.34, P = 0.046) following the intervention.
CONCLUSIONS: In older men, PRO improved cognitive function, most notably executive functioning. RE did not improve any cognitive function domains but did decrease biomarkers of systemic inflammation. No synergistic effects were observed.