■从功能性近红外光谱(fNIRS)信号中去除运动伪影(MA)在实际应用中至关重要,但是还没有标准的程序。人工神经网络已经在不同领域找到了应用,如语音和图像处理,而它们在信号处理中的效用仍然有限。
■在这项工作中,我们介绍了一种创新的基于神经网络的在线fNIRS信号处理方法,为个体受试者量身定制,需要最少的先前实验数据。具体来说,这种方法采用了带有惩罚网络(1DCNNwP)的一维卷积神经网络,合并移动窗口和输入数据增强过程。在培训过程中,神经网络被馈送从气球模型获得的模拟数据用于模拟验证,半模拟数据用于实验验证,分别。
视觉验证强调了1DCNNwP有效抑制MA的能力。定量分析显示信噪比显著提高超过11.08dB,超越现有的方法,包括样条插值,基于小波,具有1s移动窗口的时间导数分布修复,和样条Savitzky-Goaly方法。对比噪声比(CNR)分析进一步证明了1DCNNwP恢复或增强静止信号的CNR的能力。在八个受试者的实验中,我们的方法显著优于其他方法(除了离线TDDR,t<-3.82,p<0.01)。每个样本的平均信号处理时间为0.53ms,1DCNNwP在实时fNIRS数据处理方面表现出强大的潜力。
■这种用于fNIRS信号处理的新颖单变量方法提出了一种有希望的途径,该途径需要最少的先前实验数据并无缝地适应变化的实验范式。
UNASSIGNED: Removing motion artifacts (MAs) from functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) signals is crucial in practical applications, but a standard procedure is not available yet. Artificial neural networks have found applications in diverse domains, such as voice and image processing, while their utility in signal processing remains limited.
UNASSIGNED: In this work, we introduce an innovative neural network-based approach for online fNIRS signals processing, tailored to individual subjects and requiring minimal prior experimental data. Specifically, this approach employs one-dimensional convolutional neural networks with a penalty network (1DCNNwP), incorporating a moving window and an input data augmentation procedure. In the training process, the neural network is fed with simulated data derived from the balloon model for simulation validation and semi-simulated data for experimental validation, respectively.
UNASSIGNED: Visual validation underscores 1DCNNwP\'s capacity to effectively suppress MAs. Quantitative analysis reveals a remarkable improvement in signal-to-noise ratio by over 11.08 dB, surpassing the existing methods, including the spline-interpolation,
wavelet-based, temporal derivative distribution repair with a 1 s moving window, and spline Savitzky-Goaly methods. Contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) analysis further demonstrated 1DCNNwP\'s ability to restore or enhance CNRs for motionless signals. In the experiments of eight subjects, our method significantly outperformed the other approaches (except offline TDDR, t < -3.82, p < 0.01). With an average signal processing time of 0.53 ms per sample, 1DCNNwP exhibited strong potential for real-time fNIRS data processing.
UNASSIGNED: This novel univariate approach for fNIRS signal processing presents a promising avenue that requires minimal prior experimental data and adapts seamlessly to varying experimental paradigms.