David Taylor-Robinson has been an inspiration to many investigators in the field of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) as, arguably, the father of modern mycoplasmology. Born in 1931, his career as a physician-scientist was initially in virology, researching chickenpox and the common cold, for both of which he made key discoveries at a time when little was known about these conditions. Soon, however, David\'s attention turned to bacteriology, developing a passionate interest in mycoplasmas and chlamydia. This gave rise to research collaborations all around the world in marginalized and regional communities, stretching from Tristan da Cunha and Antarctica to the South Pacific and sub-Saharan Africa. He was the discoverer of Mycoplasma genitalium, which today is a commonly diagnosed and increasingly antibiotic-resistant pathogen of the genitourinary tract and a significant cause of female infertility. His problem-solving mindset led to research on associations between mycoplasmas with rheumatological conditions and chlamydia with coronary artery plaque formation late into his working life. Throughout his distinguished career, David Taylor-Robinson, affectionately truncated to \"DTR\" to all who knew him professionally, has been a beloved mentor to hundreds of aspiring scientists, some of whom are now leaders in their field. His open-door policy meant that there was rarely a time when there was no visiting researcher from each of the six inhabited continents under his expert tutelage. A strong work ethic and drive for scientific excellence, allied to his unstinting kindness and jovial demeanor, has provided a source of inspiration to a wide diaspora of research colleagues over more than six decades. This is as much David\'s legacy to medical science as the undoubted public health impact of his own pioneering research on STIs.

UNASSIGNED: One case of Ureaplasma urealyticum (UU) infection after kidney transplantation was reported, and relevant literature was collected to provide a scientific reference basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment.
UNASSIGNED: A case of UU infection after renal transplantation in our hospital was analyzed retrospectively. PubMed, Embase and Cochrane databases were searched for case reports of UU infection after organ transplantation before 30 June 2024. The clinical and laboratory characteristics, treatment and prognosis of UU infection were summarized and analyzed.
UNASSIGNED: A 65-year-old man underwent renal transplantation on 26 January 2022 due to chronic renal disease (grade 2) caused by focal sclerosing glomerulonephritis. Hyperammonaemia and coma occurred after the operation, and the patient died. A total of 38 case reports or series of cases were included in this study, involving 44 patients. The case reports included 22 cases of kidney transplantation, 11 cases of lung transplantation, 4 cases of heart transplantation,1 case of liver transplantation and 6 cases of multiple organ transplantation. Ureaplasma urealyticum infection occurred in 74.47% of cases within 1 month after transplantation, and the main symptoms after the infection were mental. After the onset of the disease, the most abnormal examination index was the increase of blood ammonia, followed by the increase of white blood cells. Therapeutic drugs included tetracyclines (doxycycline or minocycline), quinolones and azithromycin. The clinical symptoms could be significantly improved after 24 h of taking the fastest-acting medication. The highest mortality rate was in patients infected with Ureaplasma after lung transplantation.
UNASSIGNED: Early identification of UU and timely and correct drug treatment are essential to saving the lives of patients.

UNASSIGNED: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is the most prevalent chronic lung disease in preterm infants. Studies have shown that Ureaplasma urealyticum (UU) infection is linked to its pathogenesis. However, it remains controversial whether UU colonization in preterm infants increases the risk of developing BPD.
UNASSIGNED: This study aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to summarize the correlation between UU and BPD.
UNASSIGNED: We searched PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Wanfang Database, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure Database, Chinese Science and Technique Journal Database, and the China Biology Medicine disc from their inception to March 15, 2024. We included cohort and case-control studies investigating the association between UU infections and BPD in preterm infants, adhering to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used for quality assessment. The outcome was defined as the continued need for oxygen or respiratory support at 28 days after birth (BPD28) or at 36 weeks postmenstrual age (BPD36). Considering the potential publication bias in observational studies, we used a random-effects meta-analysis model, assessed heterogeneity (I2), performed subgroup analyses, evaluated publication bias, and graded the quality of evidence.
UNASSIGNED: The meta-analysis included 36 cohort studies encompassing 5,991 participants. Among these, 20 reported on BPD28, 13 on BPD36, and 3 on both. The results indicated a significant association between UU colonization and BPD28 (odds ratio (OR): 2.26, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.78-2.85, P < 0.00001, 23 studies, very low certainty of evidence) and BPD36 (OR: 2.13, 95% CI: 1.47-3.07, P < 0.0001, 16 studies, very low certainty of evidence).
UNASSIGNED: There is a correlation between UU colonization and the development of BPD in preterm infants. Future research should prioritize well-designed, large-scale, high-quality randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to comprehensively assess the risk of BPD in neonates following UU infection and to provide stronger evidence for clinical screening and prevention strategies to improve the prognosis of affected newborns.
UNASSIGNED: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/, identifier (CRD42024524846).

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to investigate the epidemiological characteristics and antibiotic resistance patterns of Ureaplasma urealyticum (UU) infection among women and children in southwest China.
METHODS: A total of 8,934 specimens, including urogenital swabs and throat swabs were analyzed in this study. All samples were tested using RNA-based Simultaneous Amplification and Testing (SAT) methods. Culture and drug susceptibility tests were performed on UU positive patients.
RESULTS: Among the 8,934 patients, the overall positive rate for UU was 47.92%, with a higher prevalence observed among women of reproductive age and neonates. The majority of UU positive outpatients were women of reproductive age (88.03%), while the majority of UU positive inpatients were neonates (93.99%). Overall, hospitalization rates due to UU infection were significantly higher in neonates than in women. Further analysis among neonatal inpatients revealed a higher incidence of preterm birth and low birth weight in UU positive inpatients (52.75% and 3.65%, respectively) than in UU negative inpatients (44.64% and 2.89%, respectively), especially in very preterm and extremely preterm neonates. Moreover, the incidence rate of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) among hospitalized neonatal patients was significantly higher in the UU positive group (6.89%) than in the UU negative group (4.18%). The drug susceptibility tests of UU in the neonatology, gynecology and obstetrics departments exhibited consistent sensitivity patterns to antibiotics, with high sensitivity to tetracyclines and macrolides, and low sensitivity to fluoroquinolones. Notably, UU samples collected from the neonatology department exhibited significantly higher sensitivity to azithromycin and erythromycin (93.8% and 92.9%, respectively) than those collected from the gynecology and obstetrics departments.
CONCLUSIONS: This study enhances our understanding of the current epidemiological characteristics and antibiotic resistance patterns of UU infection among women and children in southwest China. These findings can aid in the development of more effective intervention, prevention and treatment strategies for UU infection.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical characteristics of Ureaplasma urealyticum (UU) infection and colonization in extremely preterm infants and its impact on the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD).
METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 258 extremely preterm infants who were admitted to the Department of Neonatology, Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, from September 2018 to September 2022. According to the results of UU nucleic acid testing and the evaluation criteria for UU infection and colonization, the subjects were divided into three groups: UU-negative group (155 infants), UU infection group (70 infants), and UU colonization group (33 infants). The three groups were compared in terms of general information and primary and secondary clinical outcomes.
RESULTS: Compared with the UU-negative group, the UU infection group had significant increases in the incidence rate of BPD, total oxygen supply time, and the length of hospital stay (P<0.05), while there were no significant differences in the incidence rates of BPD and moderate/severe BPD between the UU colonization group and the UU-negative group (P>0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: The impact of UU on the incidence of BPD in extremely preterm infants is associated with the pathogenic state of UU (i.e., infection or colonization), and there are significant increases in the incidence rate of BPD, total oxygen supply time, and the length of hospital stay in extremely preterm infants with UU infection. UU colonization is not associated with the incidence of BPD and moderate/severe BPD in extremely preterm infants.
目的: 探讨超早产儿解脲脲原体（Ureaplasma urealyticum, UU）感染及定植状态的临床特征及对支气管肺发育不良（bronchopulmonary dysplasia, BPD）的影响。方法: 选取2018年9月—2022年9月于深圳市妇幼保健院新生儿科住院的258例超早产儿进行回顾性分析。根据UU核酸检测结果以及UU感染和定植的评估标准，将研究对象分为UU阴性组（155例）、UU感染组（70例）、UU定植组（33例）。比较三组超早产儿的一般资料、主要及次要临床结局。结果: 与UU阴性组相比，UU感染组BPD的发生率升高（P<0.05），总用氧时间及住院时长延长（P<0.05）；与UU阴性组相比，UU定植组BPD及中重度BPD的发生率比较差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论: UU对早产儿BPD的影响与UU的致病状态密切相关（即感染或定植），UU感染的超早产儿BPD的发生率明显升高，总用氧时间及住院时长明显延长。UU定植的超早产儿BPD和中重度BPD的发生率无上升。.

Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG), Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Ureaplasma urealyticum (UU) are the common sexually transmitted pathogens and lead to genital diseases, highly prevalent all around the world. The objective of this study was to analyze the prevalence of NG, CT and UU among outpatients in central China. A total of 2186 urogenital swabs were collected from the patients and the NG, CT and UU pathogens were testing with RT-PCR method, meanwhile the medical records were obtained from the hospital information system. The overall infection rates of NG, CT and UU were 4.57 %, 6.63 % and 48.81 % respectively, showed the prevalence of UU was higher than NG and CT. The younger people had the highest infection rate of NG (10.81 %), CT (20.54 %) and UU (54.59 %). Single infection (89.09 %) was significant higher than co-infection (10.91 %), and the CT-UU co-infection was the prominent pattern (66.41 %). There were an obvious sex difference, the prevalence of NG and CT were significant higher in male, whereas UU was higher in female. Our study could contributed a better understanding of the prevalence of NG, CT and UU, facilitating to the development of effective screening, prevention and treatment policies.

Antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) of human mycoplasmas using microdilution is time-consuming. In this study, we compared the performance of MICRONAUT-S plates (Biocentric-Bruker) designed for AST of Ureaplasma parvum, Ureaplasma urealyticum, and Mycoplasma hominis with the results using the Clinical & Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) reference method. Then, we investigated the prevalence and mechanisms of resistance to tetracyclines, fluoroquinolones, and macrolides in France in 2020 and 2021. The two methods were compared using 60 strains. For the resistance prevalence study, U. parvum-, U. urealyticum-, and M. hominis-positive clinical specimens were collected for 1 month each year in 22 French diagnostic laboratories. MICs were determined using the MICRONAUT-S plates. The tet(M) gene was screened using PCR, and fluoroquinolone resistance-associated mutations were screened using PCR and Sanger sequencing. Comparing the methods, 99.5% (679/680) MICs obtained using the MICRONAUT-S plates concurred with those obtained using the CLSI reference method. For 90 M. hominis isolates, the tetracycline, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin resistance rates were 11.1%, 2.2%, and 2.2%, respectively, with no clindamycin resistance. For 248 U. parvum isolates, the levofloxacin and moxifloxacin resistance rates were 5.2% and 0.8%, respectively; they were 2.9% and 1.5% in 68 U. urealyticum isolates. Tetracycline resistance in U. urealyticum (11.8%) was significantly (P < 0.001) higher than in U. parvum (1.2%). No macrolide resistance was observed. Overall, the customized MICRONAUT-S plates are a reliable, convenient tool for AST of human mycoplasmas. Tetracycline and fluoroquinolone resistance remain limited in France. However, the prevalence of levofloxacin and moxifloxacin resistance has increased significantly in Ureaplasma spp. from 2010 to 2015 and requires monitoring.
OBJECTIVE: Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of human urogenital mycoplasmas using the CLSI reference broth microdilution method is time-consuming and requires the laborious preparation of antimicrobial stock solutions. Here, we validated the use of reliable, convenient plates designed for antimicrobial susceptibility testing that allows the simultaneous determination of the MICs of eight antibiotics of interest. We then investigated the prevalence and mechanisms of resistance of each of these bacteria to tetracyclines, fluoroquinolones, and macrolides in France in 2020 and 2021. We showed that the prevalence of levofloxacin and moxifloxacin resistance has increased significantly in Ureaplasma spp. from 2010 to 2015 and requires ongoing monitoring.

Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are a global concern because approximately 1 million new cases emerge daily. Most STDs are curable, but if left untreated, they can cause severe long-term health implications, including infertility and even death. Therefore, a test enabling rapid and accurate screening and genotyping of STD pathogens is highly awaited. Herein, we present the development of the DNA-based 6STD Genotyping 9G Membrane test, a lateral flow strip membrane assay, for the detection and genotyping of six STD pathogens, including Trichomonas vaginalis, Ureaplasma urealyticum, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma hominis, and Mycoplasma genitalium. Here, we developed a multiplex PCR primer set that allows PCR amplification of genomic materials for these six STD pathogens. We also developed the six ssDNA probes that allow highly efficient detection of the six STD pathogens. The 6STD Genotyping 9G Membrane test lets us obtain the final detection and genotyping results in less than 30 m after PCR at 25 °C. The accuracy of the 6STD Genotyping 9G membrane test in STD genotyping was confirmed by its 100% concordance with the sequencing results of 120 clinical samples. Therefore, the 6STD Genotyping 9G Membrane test emerges as a promising diagnostic tool for precise STD genotyping, facilitating informed decision-making in clinical practice.

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Aim: To study antimicrobial susceptibilities of genital mycoplasmas recovered from endocervical samples of reproductive-age, nonpregnant women (n = 8,336). Materials & methods: For isolation and susceptibility testing, the Mycoplasma IST2 kit was used. Results: As many as 2093 samples were positive for mycoplasmas. The vast majority (>96%) of Ureaplasma urealyticum remained susceptible to tetracycline, doxycycline, josamycin and pristinamycin, whereas susceptibility rates to azithromycin and fluoroquinolones were significantly decreased. Mycoplasma hominis exhibited high susceptibility rates to doxycycline, pristinamycin and josamycin (98.1-100%), while susceptibilities to tetracycline and fluoroquinolones were considerably lower. Conclusion: Doxycycline remained highly potent for treating mycoplasmas; nevertheless, susceptibilities to other antimicrobials were significantly diminished.
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