目的:弓形虫病是一种人畜共患的寄生虫感染,具有重要的公共卫生考虑。该研究的目的是评估其主人转介给Karaj兽医诊所的家犬和猫中抗弓形虫物种抗体的患病率和相关风险因素,Alborz省,伊朗。
方法:在2020年7月至12月之间进行了一项涉及540名狗和猫主人的横断面研究。通过直接访谈进行的问卷调查用于收集社会人口统计信息和相关风险因素的数据。收集血样并通过间接酶联免疫吸附测定(ELISA)进行测试。
结果:540名参与者中弓形虫病的总体血清患病率为16.7%(540人中有90人)。当样本中的参与者按年龄分类时,10-29岁人群的弓形虫感染率高于其他人群(45.6%,41of90)。单因素分析显示,与土壤有接触的宠物主人[调整比值比(AOR)=7.61,95%CI:6.06-9.24,P=0.028],接触猫狗后洗手(AOR=2.42,95%CI:1.15-4.85,P=0.046),用生肉喂养宠物(AOR=11.01,95%CI:5.21-19.43,P=0.023)增加了患弓形虫病的风险。研究表明,人口统计学特征,如年龄,性别,居住地,教育,和宠物的栖息地与弓形虫病没有显着相关。
结论:鉴于这些发现和弓形虫病对公共卫生的渐进影响及其在发展中国家的高患病率,包括伊朗,应采取措施向公众宣传人畜共患病,并消除其假定的传播。
OBJECTIVE: Toxocariasis is a zoonotic parasitic infection with important public health considerations. The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of anti-Toxocara species antibodies and associated risk factors in domestic dogs and cats referred by their owners to veterinary clinics located in Karaj, Alborz Province, Iran.
METHODS: A cross-sectional study involving 540 owners of dogs and cats was conducted between July - December 2020. A questionnaire administered by direct interviews was used to collect socio-demographic information and data on associated risk factors. Blood samples were collected and tested by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
RESULTS: The overall sero-prevalence of toxocariasis among the 540 participants was 16.7% (90 of 540). When participants included in the sample were classified by age, those aged 10-29 years demonstrated higher Toxocara infection prevalence than other groups (45.6%, 41 of 90). Univariate analysis revealed that the pet owners who had contact with soil [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 7.61, 95% CI: 6.06-9.24, P = 0.028], practiced handwashing after contact with dogs and cats (AOR = 2.42, 95% CI: 1.15-4.85, P = 0.046), and feeding the pets with raw meat (AOR = 11.01, 95% CI: 5.21-19.43, P = 0.023) had an increased risk of acquiring toxocariasis. The study showed that demographic characteristics such as age, gender, place of residence, education, and pet\'s habitats were not significantly associated with toxocariasis.
CONCLUSIONS: Given the findings and the progressive impact of toxocariasis in public health and its high prevalence in developing countries, including Iran, measures should be taken to inform the public about zoonoses and eliminate their putative transmission.