三七是一种多年生植物,以其用途广泛的药用特性而闻名,包括保肝,抗氧化剂,抗炎,抗肿瘤,雌激素样,和抗抑郁的特点。据报道,植物年龄影响三七的质量。本研究旨在探讨2年生(PN2)和3年生(PN3)三七植物根样的差异代谢组和转录组。代谢组和转录组数据的主成分分析显示两组之间的主要差异(PN2与PN3)。本研究共检测到1813种代谢物和28587个基因,其中255个代谢物和3141个基因在PN2与分别为PN3。在不同的代谢物和基因中,155个代谢物和1217个基因上调,而100个代谢物和1924个基因被下调。KEGG途径分析揭示了属于类脂的差异富集代谢物(“13S-氢过氧-9Z,11E-十八二二酸,“,“9S-羟基-10E,12Z-十八二二酸,“,“9S-氧代-10E,12Z-十八二二酸,“,和“9,10,13-三羟基-11-十八碳二糖酸”),核苷酸和衍生物(鸟嘌呤和胞苷),发现与PN2相比,PN3中的酚酸(绿原酸)富集(p<0.05)。Further,发现这些差异富集的代谢物通过亚油酸代谢受到显着调节(p<0.05),核苷酸代谢,植物激素信号转导,和花生四烯酸代谢途径。此外,转录组分析显示关键基因MAT的上调,DMAS,SDH,没食子酸1-β-葡萄糖基转移酶,和β-D-葡萄糖苷酶在各种植物的次级代谢途径和SAUR,GID1,PP2C,ETR,在植物激素信号转导途径中观察到的CTR1,EBF1/2和ERF1/2基因与植物生长发育有关,并防止各种压力源。这项研究得出结论,与2岁的植物相比,3岁的三七植物的根部具有更好的代谢组和转录组特征,在与代谢相关的途径中具有重要的代谢产物和基因富集,植物激素信号转导,和各种生物过程。这些发现为植物在其生长过程中的动态生化和分子变化提供了见解,这对其治疗用途具有若干意义。
Panax notoginseng is a perennial plant well known for its versatile medicinal properties, including hepatoprotective, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, estrogen-like, and antidepressant characteristics. It has been reported that plant age affects the quality of P. notoginseng. This study aimed to explore the differential metabolome and transcriptome of 2-year (PN2) and 3-year-old (PN3) P. notoginseng plant root samples. Principal component analysis of metabolome and transcriptome data revealed major differences between the two groups (PN2 vs. PN3). A total of 1813 metabolites and 28,587 genes were detected in this study, of which 255 metabolites and 3141 genes were found to be differential (p < 0.05) between PN2 vs. PN3, respectively. Among differential metabolites and genes, 155 metabolites and 1217 genes were up-regulated, while 100 metabolites and 1924 genes were down-regulated. The KEGG pathway analysis revealed differentially enriched metabolites belonging to class lipids (\"13S-hydroperoxy-9Z, 11E-octadecadionic acid\", \"9S-hydroxy-10E, 12Z-octadecadionic acid\", \"9S-oxo-10E, 12Z-octadecadionic acid\", and \"9,10,13-trihydroxy-11-octadecadionic acid\"), nucleotides and derivatives (guanine and cytidine), and phenolic acids (chlorogenic acid) were found to be enriched (p < 0.05) in PN3 compared to PN2. Further, these differentially enriched metabolites were found to be significantly (p < 0.05) regulated via linoleic acid metabolism, nucleotide metabolism, plant hormone signal transduction, and arachidonic acid metabolism pathways. Furthermore, the transcriptome analysis showed the up-regulation of key genes MAT, DMAS, SDH, gallate 1-beta-glucosyltransferase, and beta-D-glucosidase in various plants\' secondary metabolic pathways and SAUR, GID1, PP2C, ETR, CTR1, EBF1/2, and ERF1/2 genes observed in phytohormone signal transduction pathway that is involved in plant growth and development, and protection against the various stressors. This study concluded that the roots of a 3-year-old P. notoginseng plant have better metabolome and transcriptome profiles compared to a 2-year-old plant with importantly enriched metabolites and genes in pathways related to metabolism, plant hormone signal transduction, and various biological processes. These findings provide insights into the plant\'s dynamic biochemical and molecular changes during its growth that have several implications regarding its therapeutic use.