桥梁点云数据(PCD)的配准是桥梁建模等任务的重要预处理步骤,变形检测,和桥梁健康监测。然而,现有的大多数关于桥梁PCD注册的研究仅集中在成对注册,对多视图注册的重视不够。此外,恢复无序多次扫描的重叠并获得合并顺序,通常需要广泛的成对匹配和创建所有扫描的完全连接图,导致效率低。为了解决这些问题,本文提出了一种无标记模板引导方法,将多个无序桥梁PCD对准到全局坐标系。首先,通过将每个扫描与给定的注册模板对齐,恢复所有扫描之间的重叠。其次,基于重叠和扫描位置创建完全连接的图形,然后利用图分割算法构造扫描块。然后,在每个扫描块内执行粗到细的配准,用智能优化算法得到粗配准的变换矩阵。最后,执行全局块到块配准以将所有扫描与统一坐标参考系统对齐。我们在不同的桥梁点云数据集上测试了我们的框架,包括悬索桥和连续刚构桥,评估其准确性。实验结果表明,该方法具有较高的准确性。
The registration of bridge point cloud data (PCD) is an important preprocessing step for tasks such as bridge modeling, deformation detection, and bridge health monitoring. However, most existing research on bridge PCD registration only focused on pairwise registration, and payed insufficient attention to multi-view registration. In addition, to recover the overlaps of unordered multiple scans and obtain the merging order, extensive pairwise matching and the creation of a fully connected graph of all scans are often required, resulting in low efficiency. To address these issues, this paper proposes a marker-free template-guided method to align multiple unordered bridge PCD to a global coordinate system. Firstly, by aligning each scan to a given registration template, the overlaps between all the scans are recovered. Secondly, a fully connected graph is created based on the overlaps and scanning locations, and then a graph-partition algorithm is utilized to construct the scan-blocks. Then, the coarse-to-fine registration is performed within each scan-block, and the transformation matrix of coarse registration is obtained using an intelligent optimization algorithm. Finally, global block-to-block registration is performed to align all scans to a unified coordinate reference system. We tested our framework on different bridge point cloud datasets, including a suspension bridge and a continuous rigid frame bridge, to evaluate its accuracy. Experimental results demonstrate that our method has high accuracy.