新技术的出现为工业和消费品中使用的各种化学品的兴起铺平了道路。这导致这些异源生物化合物在环境中的积累,其中它们对目标和非目标物种都构成严重威胁。miRNA是通过转录后调节基因表达与毒性相关的关键表观遗传机制之一。这里,我们提供了关于miRNA生物发生的全面观点,他们的作用机制,它们在异种生物毒性中的可能作用。Further,我们回顾了最近的体外和体内研究,涉及异种生物暴露诱导的miRNA改变和mRNA-miRNA相互作用。最后,我们解决了毒理学研究中与miRNA相关的挑战。
The advent of new technologies has paved the rise of various chemicals that are being employed in industrial as well as consumer products. This leads to the accumulation of these xenobiotic compounds in the environment where they pose a serious threat to both target and non-target species. miRNAs are one of the key epigenetic mechanisms that have been associated with toxicity by modulating the gene expression post-transcriptionally. Here, we provide a comprehensive view on miRNA biogenesis, their mechanism of action and, their possible role in xenobiotic toxicity. Further, we review the recent in vitro and in vivo studies involved in xenobiotic exposure induced miRNA alterations and the mRNA-miRNA interactions. Finally, we address the challenges associated with the miRNAs in toxicological studies.