背景:运动的好处是众所周知的;然而,许多潜在的分子机制尚未完全了解。骨骼肌分泌Myokines,介导肌肉器官串扰。Myokines调节卫星细胞增殖和迁移,炎症级联,胰岛素分泌,血管生成,脂肪氧化,和癌症抑制。迄今为止,不同锻炼模式的影响(即,有氧和抵抗运动)对肌细胞反应的影响尚待阐明。考虑到运动的临床实施以增强总体健康和福祉以及作为医学治疗,这是至关重要的。
方法:在PubMed中进行了系统搜索,Medline,CINAHL,Embase,SPORTDiscus,和2023年4月的WebofScience。合格的研究检查了单次运动对IL-15,irisin,SPARC,OSM,和装饰素都包括在内。还进行了随机效应荟萃分析以量化变化的幅度。
结果:纳入62项研究(n=1193)。总的来说,运动似乎诱导肌细胞表达小到大的增加,在运动后60分钟后立即观察到效果,尽管这些大多没有统计学意义。有氧运动和抗阻运动都会导致肌动蛋白水平的变化,训练模式之间没有任何显著差异,并且改变的幅度在不同的肌细胞中不同。肌力水平在运动后180分钟至24小时内恢复到基线水平。然而,由于潜在的异质性来源,大多数变化没有统计学意义,这表明无法得出确切的结论。
结论:关于运动对体循环中不同时间点的肌肉因子表达的整体和特定影响的知识有限,但仍在扩展。需要进一步的研究来研究不同运动模式在多个时间点对肌动蛋白反应的影响。
BACKGROUND: The benefits of exercise are well known; however, many of the underlying molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. Skeletal muscle secretes myokines, which mediate muscle-organ crosstalk. Myokines regulate satellite-cell proliferation and migration, inflammatory cascade, insulin secretion, angiogenesis, fatty oxidation, and cancer suppression. To date, the effects of different exercise modes (namely, aerobic and resistance exercise) on myokine response remain to be elucidated. This is crucial considering the clinical implementation of exercise to enhance general health and wellbeing and as a medical treatment.
METHODS: A systematic search was undertaken in PubMed, MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science in April 2023. Eligible studies examining the effects of a single bout of exercise on interleukin15 (IL-15), irisin, secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine (SPARC), oncostatin M (OSM), and decorin were included. A random-effects meta-analysis was also undertaken to quantify the magnitude of change.
RESULTS: Sixty-two studies were included (n = 1193). Overall, exercise appeared to induce small to large increases in myokine expression, with effects observed immediately after to 60 min post-exercise, although these were mostly not statistically significant. Both aerobic and resistance exercise resulted in changes in myokine levels, without any significant difference between training modes, and with the magnitude of change differing across myokines. Myokine levels returned to baseline levels within 180 min to 24 h post-exercise. However, owing to potential sources of heterogeneity, most changes were not statistically significant, indicating that precise conclusions cannot be drawn.
CONCLUSIONS: Knowledge is limited but expanding with respect to the impact of overall and specific effects of exercise on myokine expression at different time points in the systemic circulation. Further research is required to investigate the effects of different exercise modes at multiple time points on myokine response.