背景:呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)是全球儿童急性下呼吸道感染的主要原因。了解其普遍性,变体,特征是至关重要的,特别是在COVID-19大流行的背景下。
目的:本研究旨在调查RSV阳性率,亚型患病率,年龄和性别分布,症状学,大流行前和大流行期间的合并感染率。
方法:我们分析了2017年至2023年接受RSV测试的15381例患者的数据。
结果:我们的分析显示,在大流行前,RSV的平均阳性率为7.2%,大流行期间波动显著(2020年为1.5%,2021年为32.0%)。我们观察到RSVA和RSVB检出率的变化。0-4岁年龄组一直受影响最严重,有轻微的男性优势。发热和咳嗽是常见症状。治疗干预措施,特别是抗病毒的使用和通风要求,在大流行期间减少。我们还确定了与其他呼吸道病毒共感染率的差异。
结论:我们的研究提供了关于COVID-19大流行对RSV流行影响的重要见解,亚型分布,患者特征,和临床管理。这些发现强调了持续监测和适应性公共卫生对策的必要性。
BACKGROUND: Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) is a leading cause of acute lower respiratory infection in children worldwide. Understanding its prevalence, variations, and characteristics is vital, particularly in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.
OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to investigate the RSV positivity rate, subtype prevalence, age and gender distribution,
symptomatology, and co-infection rates during pre-pandemic and pandemic periods.
METHODS: We analyzed data from 15,381 patients tested for RSV between 2017 and 2023.
RESULTS: Our analysis revealed a 7.2% average RSV positivity rate in the pre-pandemic period, with significant fluctuations during the pandemic (1.5% in 2020 to 32.0% in 2021). We observed variations in RSVA and RSVB detection rates. The 0-4 years\' age group was consistently the most affected, with a slight male predominance. Fever and cough were common symptoms. Therapeutic interventions, particularly antiviral usage and ventilation requirements, decreased during the pandemic. We also identified variations in co-infection rates with other respiratory viruses.
CONCLUSIONS: Our study offers critical insights into the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on RSV prevalence, subtype distribution, patient characteristics, and clinical management. These findings underscore the need for ongoing surveillance and adaptive public health responses.