背景:Aguasfrescas是通常用水制成的墨西哥饮料,糖,和水果。Aguasfrescas可能是墨西哥和墨西哥裔美国人(MA)成年人含糖饮料摄入量的重要组成部分。然而,目前尚不清楚调查对象是否报告了aguasfrescas的消费量,而不是在标准化饮料频率仪器中进行专门查询。
目的:本研究调查了aguasfrescas消费的患病率,aguas壁画摄入量的社会人口统计学相关性,以及特别查询aguasfrescas的摄入量如何影响墨西哥和MA成年人的含糖饮料估计值。
方法:横截面,作为国际食品政策研究的一部分,在线调查于2021年对5,377名墨西哥人和3,073名MA成年人进行。过去7天含糖饮料(SSB)的消费,含糖饮料,和aguasfrescas以及相关的协变量进行了评估。加权分析包括逻辑回归和线性回归,包括具有相关结构的模型。
结果:估计有61.7%的墨西哥人和28.7%的MA成年人食用aguasfrescas。在墨西哥,消费与女性有关,低教育,认为自己有合适的体重,有良好的健康,和食用大量不健康的含糖饮料。对于MA,摄入与年轻有关,说西班牙语,认为自己体重不足或体重合适。在食用aguas壁画但除非特别询问,否则未报告的墨西哥成年人中,当包括aguasfrescas时,女性的SSB摄入量增加了67.9%,男性的SSB摄入量增加了64.3%。在MA中,女性的SSB摄入量高出56.9%,男性高出44.1%。当包括与排除aguasfrescas时,大多数参与者(79.9-85.2%)保持在相同的含糖饮料中。
结论:在饮料摄入量评估期间应查询Aguasfrescas,因为它们为许多墨西哥和MA成年人的饮食提供了大量的添加糖。
BACKGROUND: Aguas frescas are Mexican drinks that are typically made with water, sugar, and fruit. Aguas frescas may be a significant component of sugary-drink intake among Mexican and Mexican-American (MA) adults. However, it is unclear whether survey respondents report aguas frescas consumption when it is not specifically queried in standardized beverage frequency instruments.
OBJECTIVE: This study examined the prevalence of aguas frescas consumption, the sociodemographic correlates of aguas frescas intake, and how specifically querying aguas frescas intake affects sugary-drink estimates among Mexican and MA adults.
METHODS: Cross-sectional, online surveys were conducted in 2021 with 5377 Mexican and 3073 MA adults as part of the International Food Policy Study. Past 7-d consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs), sugary drinks, and aguas frescas were assessed along with relevant covariates. Weighted analyses included logistic and linear regression, including models with correlation structure.
RESULTS: An estimated 61.7% of Mexican and 28.7% of MA adults consumed aguas frescas. In Mexico, consumption was associated with females, low education, perceiving oneself as having about the right weight, being good to excellent health, and consuming an unhealthy amount of sugary drinks. For MAs, intake was associated with being younger, speaking Spanish, and perceiving oneself as being underweight or about the right weight. Among Mexican adults who consumed aguas frescas but did not report them unless specifically queried, the volume of SSB intake was 67.9% higher for females and 64.3% higher for males when aguas frescas were included. Among MAs, SSB intake was 56.9% higher for females and 44.1% higher for males. Most participants (79.9%-85.2%) remained in the same sugary-drink tertiles when including compared with excluding aguas frescas.
CONCLUSIONS: Aguas frescas should be queried during beverage intake assessments, as they contribute a nontrivial amount of added sugars to the diets of many Mexican and MA adults.