Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Economic evaluations of public health interventions like sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) taxes face difficulties similar to those previously identified in other public health areas. This stems from challenges in accurately attributing effects, capturing outcomes and costs beyond health, and integrating equity effects. This review examines how these challenges were addressed in economic evaluations of SSB taxes.
METHODS: A systematic review was conducted to identify economic evaluations of SSB taxes focused on addressing obesity in adults, published up to February 2021. The methodological challenges examined include measuring effects, valuing outcomes, assessing costs, and incorporating equity.
RESULTS: Fourteen economic evaluations of SSB taxes were identified. Across these evaluations, estimating SSB tax effects was uncertain due to a reliance on indirect evidence that was less robust than evidence from randomised controlled trials. Health outcomes, like quality-adjusted life years, along with a healthcare system perspective for costs, dominated the evaluations of SSB taxes, with a limited focus on broader non-health consequences. Equity analyses were common but employed significantly different approaches and exhibited varying degrees of quality.
CONCLUSIONS: Addressing the methodological challenges remains an issue for economic evaluations of public health interventions like SSB taxes, suggesting the need for increased attention on those issues in future studies. Dedicated methodological guidelines, in particular addressing the measurement of effect and incorporation of equity impacts, are warranted.
METHODS: A systematic review was conducted to identify economic evaluations of SSB taxes focused on addressing obesity in adults, published up to February 2021. The methodological challenges examined include measuring effects, valuing outcomes, assessing costs, and incorporating equity.
RESULTS: Fourteen economic evaluations of SSB taxes were identified. Across these evaluations, estimating SSB tax effects was uncertain due to a reliance on indirect evidence that was less robust than evidence from randomised controlled trials. Health outcomes, like quality-adjusted life years, along with a healthcare system perspective for costs, dominated the evaluations of SSB taxes, with a limited focus on broader non-health consequences. Equity analyses were common but employed significantly different approaches and exhibited varying degrees of quality.
CONCLUSIONS: Addressing the methodological challenges remains an issue for economic evaluations of public health interventions like SSB taxes, suggesting the need for increased attention on those issues in future studies. Dedicated methodological guidelines, in particular addressing the measurement of effect and incorporation of equity impacts, are warranted.
摘要：
背景：对含糖饮料（SSB）税等公共卫生干预措施的经济评估面临的困难与先前在其他公共卫生领域中发现的困难相似。这源于准确归因效果的挑战，捕捉健康以外的结果和成本，并整合公平效应。这篇评论研究了在SSB税收的经济评估中如何解决这些挑战。
方法：进行了系统评价，以确定针对成人肥胖的SSB税的经济学评价。发布至2021年2月。所考察的方法论挑战包括衡量效果，重视结果，评估成本，并纳入股权。
结果：确定了14项SSB税收的经济评估。在这些评估中，由于对间接证据的依赖程度低于随机对照试验的证据,因此对SSB税收效应的估计是不确定的.健康结果,比如质量调整寿命年，以及医疗保健系统对成本的看法，主导了SSB税收的评估，对更广泛的非健康后果的关注有限。公平分析很常见，但采用了明显不同的方法，并表现出不同程度的质量。
结论：解决方法上的挑战仍然是对诸如SSB税之类的公共卫生干预措施进行经济评估的问题，这表明需要在未来的研究中增加对这些问题的关注。专门的方法指南，特别是解决影响的衡量和股权影响的纳入问题，是有保证的。
方法：进行了系统评价，以确定针对成人肥胖的SSB税的经济学评价。发布至2021年2月。所考察的方法论挑战包括衡量效果，重视结果，评估成本，并纳入股权。
结果：确定了14项SSB税收的经济评估。在这些评估中，由于对间接证据的依赖程度低于随机对照试验的证据,因此对SSB税收效应的估计是不确定的.健康结果,比如质量调整寿命年，以及医疗保健系统对成本的看法，主导了SSB税收的评估，对更广泛的非健康后果的关注有限。公平分析很常见，但采用了明显不同的方法，并表现出不同程度的质量。
结论：解决方法上的挑战仍然是对诸如SSB税之类的公共卫生干预措施进行经济评估的问题，这表明需要在未来的研究中增加对这些问题的关注。专门的方法指南，特别是解决影响的衡量和股权影响的纳入问题，是有保证的。
