Stop-signal task

停止信号任务
  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    抑制控制是行为灵活性的关键认知控制能力,已通过动作停止任务进行了广泛研究。已经提出了多种神经生理学特征来表示动作停止过程中抑制控制的“特征”,尽管这些签名所代表的过程仍有争议地讨论。本研究旨在通过将简单的停止情况与需要进行其他动作修改的情况进行比较来解开这些过程。在女性和男性中进行了三个实验,以表征与动作停止和改变有关的神经生理动力学,假设来自最近开发的两阶段“暂停然后取消”抑制控制模型。停止和修改动作都触发了早期广泛的“暂停”过程,以额叶脑电图β-爆发和皮质脊髓兴奋性的非选择性抑制为标志。然而,部分肌电图反应表明,运动活动仅部分受到这种“暂停”的抑制,并且在动作修正期间可以进一步调节这种活动。与抑制控制的两阶段模型一致,根据所需的动作修订,在此初始“暂停”后,随后的额中央EEG活动有选择地缩放,对于更复杂的修订,观察到更多的活动。这表明存在选择性的,特定于效应器的\'retune\'阶段,作为操作停止和修订中涉及的第二个过程。一起,这些发现表明,抑制控制是在延长的时间和至少两个阶段实施的。我们还能够将最常见的神经生理特征与这些阶段对齐,并表明它们受到动作修正复杂性的不同调节。
    抑制控制是人类可以调节其行为的最重要的控制过程之一。已经提出了多种神经生理学特征来反映抑制性控制。然而,这些在不同的时间尺度上发挥作用,似乎反映了认知控制的不同方面,有争议的辩论。最近的两阶段抑制控制模型提出了两个阶段实施动作的修订:“暂停”和“重新调整”。这里,我们为这一命题提供了第一个经验证据:行动修订产生了一个常见的初始低延迟\“暂停\”,在此期间,运动活动被广泛抑制。后来的活动,然而,区分简单的动作停止和更复杂的动作修订。这些发现为人类动作控制的顺序动力学提供了新的见解。
    Inhibitory control is a crucial cognitive-control ability for behavioral flexibility that has been extensively investigated through action-stopping tasks. Multiple neurophysiological features have been proposed to represent \'signatures\' of inhibitory control during action-stopping, though the processes signified by these signatures are still controversially discussed. The present study aimed to disentangle these processes by comparing simple stopping situations with those in which additional action revisions were needed. Three experiments in female and male humans were performed to characterize the neurophysiological dynamics involved in action-stopping and - changing, with hypotheses derived from recently developed two-stage \'pause-then-cancel\' models of inhibitory control. Both stopping and revising an action triggered an early broad \'pause\'-process, marked by frontal EEG β-bursts and non-selective suppression of corticospinal excitability. However, partial-EMG responses showed that motor activity was only partially inhibited by this \'pause\', and that this activity can be further modulated during action-revision. In line with two-stage models of inhibitory control, subsequent frontocentral EEG activity after this initial \'pause\' selectively scaled depending on the required action revisions, with more activity observed for more complex revisions. This demonstrates the presence of a selective, effector-specific \'retune\' phase as the second process involved in action-stopping and -revision. Together, these findings show that inhibitory control is implemented over an extended period of time and in at least two phases. We are further able to align the most commonly proposed neurophysiological signatures to these phases and show that they are differentially modulated by the complexity of action-revision.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    在自然行为中,动作通常需要突然停止以响应意外的感觉输入-称为反应性停止。反应停止主要在人类中进行研究,这导致了关于不同大脑结构参与的假设,特别是超直接途径。这里,我们直接研究超直接途径的两个关键区域的贡献和相互作用,眶额皮质(OFC)和丘脑底核(STN),使用双区域,执行停止信号任务的雄性大鼠的多电极记录。在这项任务中,老鼠必须开始向前进信号移动,偶尔会在发出停止信号后停止向信号侧移动,在各种停止信号延迟下呈现。OFC和STN均在β频率范围(12-30Hz)内显示出与行进信号和运动周期之前的周期相比几乎同时的场电位降低。这些瞬态减少(~200毫秒)仅发生在反应式停止期间,这是在行动开始后收到停止信号的时候,并且在停止信号开始之后和估计的停止时间之前是定时的。相位同步分析还显示了在无功停止期间在β范围内OFC和STN之间的同步的瞬时衰减。本结果提供了OFC和STN中局部神经振荡活动的首次直接量化,以及在反应性停止过程中特别定时的区域间同步。意义陈述不同的研究观察到振荡β活性增加,并表明在反应性停止过程中眶额皮质(OFC)和丘脑底核(STN)之间的同步性增加。然而,β调制的时间存在不一致,并且还没有研究以解剖和时间精度研究OFC和STN停止过程中的相位同步。在停止任务期间使用双区域记录,在停止时,我们观察到OFC和STN的β功率大幅下降,同时β阶段同步减少。而不是增加β带活性,OFC和STN似乎有助于通过本地和区域间的非同步停止。这可以使得功能特异性神经元活动能够选择性地抑制下游的运动行为。
    During natural behavior, an action often needs to be suddenly stopped in response to an unexpected sensory input-referred to as reactive stopping. Reactive stopping has been mostly investigated in humans, which led to hypotheses about the involvement of different brain structures, in particular the hyperdirect pathway. Here, we directly investigate the contribution and interaction of two key regions of the hyperdirect pathway, the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and subthalamic nucleus (STN), using dual-area, multielectrode recordings in male rats performing a stop-signal task. In this task, rats have to initiate movement to a go-signal, and occasionally stop their movement to the go-signal side after a stop-signal, presented at various stop-signal delays. Both the OFC and STN show near-simultaneous field potential reductions in the beta frequency range (12-30 Hz) compared with the period preceding the go-signal and the movement period. These transient reductions (∼200 ms) only happen during reactive stopping, which is when the stop-signal was received after action initiation, and are well timed after stop-signal onset and before the estimated time of stopping. Phase synchronization analysis also showed a transient attenuation of synchronization between the OFC and STN in the beta range during reactive stopping. The present results provide the first direct quantification of local neural oscillatory activity in the OFC and STN and interareal synchronization specifically timed during reactive stopping.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    抑制控制受损并伴有渴望增强是成瘾的标志。这项研究调查了经颅直流电刺激(tDCS)对网络游戏障碍(IGD)的反应抑制和渴望的影响。我们检查了tDCS后的大脑变化及其与临床变量的相关性。
    将24名IGD男性随机分配到活动或假tDCS组,22名参与者的数据被纳入分析.参与者在背外侧前额叶皮层(DLPFC)上自行施用双侧tDCS10个疗程。进行停止信号任务以测量反应抑制,并询问参与者在基线和tDCS后对互联网游戏的渴望。在tDCS前和后收集功能磁共振成像数据,研究了双侧DLPFC和伏隔核的静息状态功能连接(rsFC)变化的组间差异。我们探讨了活动tDCS组中rsFC的变化与行为变量之间的关系。
    在反应抑制中观察到显著的逐组时间相互作用。在tDCS之后,只有活动组显示停止信号反应时间(SSRT)减少。虽然渴望减少,没有显著的组间时间交互作用或组间主要效应.前扣带回皮质(ACC)显示出右DLPFC的tDCSrsFC后与tDCS前rsFC的组间差异。ACC与左额中回之间的rsFC与SSRT呈负相关。
    我们的研究提供了初步证据,证明双侧tDCS优于DLPFC可改善抑制控制,并可作为IGD的治疗方法。
    UNASSIGNED: Impaired inhibitory control accompanied by enhanced craving is hallmark of addiction. This study investigated the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on response inhibition and craving in Internet gaming disorder (IGD). We examined the brain changes after tDCS and their correlation with clinical variables.
    UNASSIGNED: Twenty-four males with IGD were allocated randomly to an active or sham tDCS group, and data from 22 participants were included for analysis. Participants self-administered bilateral tDCS over the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) for 10 sessions. Stop-signal tasks were conducted to measure response inhibition and participants were asked about their cravings for Internet gaming at baseline and post-tDCS. Functional magnetic resonance imaging data were collected at pre- and post-tDCS, and group differences in resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) changes from the bilateral DLPFC and nucleus accumbens were examined. We explored the relationship between changes in the rsFC and behavioral variables in the active tDCS group.
    UNASSIGNED: A significant group-by-time interaction was observed in response inhibition. After tDCS, only the active group showed a decrease in the stop-signal reaction time (SSRT). Although craving decreased, there were no significant group-by-time interactions or group main effects. The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) showed group differences in post- versus pre-tDCS rsFC from the right DLPFC. The rsFC between the ACC and left middle frontal gyrus was negatively correlated with the SSRT.
    UNASSIGNED: Our study provides preliminary evidence that bilateral tDCS over the DLPFC improves inhibitory control and could serve as a therapeutic approach for IGD.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    背景:全球动态,大脑连通性的状态依赖性重新配置尚不清楚。我们旨在评估全局信号相关系数(GSCORR)的重新配置,每个体素时间序列和全局信号之间的连通性的度量,从静止状态到停止信号任务。次要目的是评估GSCORR与三种不同试验条件下的血氧水平依赖性(BOLD)激活或失活之间的关系(GO,STOP-correct,和STOP-不正确)。
    方法:作为主要分析,我们计算了全脑,在107名21-50岁的健康受试者的静息状态(GSCORR-rest)和停止信号任务(GSCORR-task)期间,逐体素GSCORR移位为GSCORR-task减去GSCORR-rest。还对任务剩余时间序列计算了GSCORR-tr和trGSCORR-shift,以量化试验期间任务相关活动的影响。为了测试次要目标,在三种试验条件下,大脑区域首先被分成一组,显示出与任务相关的显著激活,一组显示出显著失活.然后,计算了两个集群中GSCORR-休息/任务/移位与激活/去激活之间的相关性。作为敏感性分析,在执行全局信号回归后,对同一样本计算GSCORR-shift,并且GSCORR-rest/task/shift与任务性能相关。
    结果:感觉区和颞顶区表现出负GSCORR偏移。相反,关联区域(即。左舌回,双侧背侧后扣带回,小脑区,丘脑,后外侧顶叶皮质)显示出阳性GSCORR移位(FDR校正p<0.05)。GSCORR偏移显示出与trGSCORR偏移(幅度增加)和全局信号回归(幅度减小)相似的模式。关于大胆的变化,Brodmann6区和下顶叶小叶显示激活,顶叶后小叶,Cuneus,precuneus,额中回显示失活(FDR校正p<0.05)。激活簇中GSCORR-休息/任务/移位和β系数之间没有发现相关性,尽管在GSCORR任务和GO/STOP正确失活之间观察到负相关(Pearsonrho=-0.299/-0.273;Bonferroni-p<0.05)。观察到GSCORR与任务绩效之间的弱关联(未校正的p<0.05)。
    结论:GSCORR状态相关重新配置表明在停止信号任务期间将功能资源重新分配到关联区域。GSCORR,激活和去激活可能代表具有特定神经功能相关性的大脑状态的不同代理。
    BACKGROUND: The dynamics of global, state-dependent reconfigurations in brain connectivity are yet unclear. We aimed at assessing reconfigurations of the global signal correlation coefficient (GSCORR), a measure of the connectivity between each voxel timeseries and the global signal, from resting-state to a stop-signal task. The secondary aim was to assess the relationship between GSCORR and blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) activations or deactivation across three different trial-conditions (GO, STOP-correct, and STOP-incorrect).
    METHODS: As primary analysis we computed whole-brain, voxel-wise GSCORR during resting-state (GSCORR-rest) and stop-signal task (GSCORR-task) in 107 healthy subjects aged 21-50, deriving GSCORR-shift as GSCORR-task minus GSCORR-rest. GSCORR-tr and trGSCORR-shift were also computed on the task residual time series to quantify the impact of the task-related activity during the trials. To test the secondary aim, brain regions were firstly divided in one cluster showing significant task-related activation and one showing significant deactivation across the three trial conditions. Then, correlations between GSCORR-rest/task/shift and activation/deactivation in the two clusters were computed. As sensitivity analysis, GSCORR-shift was computed on the same sample after performing a global signal regression and GSCORR-rest/task/shift were correlated with the task performance.
    RESULTS: Sensory and temporo-parietal regions exhibited a negative GSCORR-shift. Conversely, associative regions (ie. left lingual gyrus, bilateral dorsal posterior cingulate gyrus, cerebellum areas, thalamus, posterolateral parietal cortex) displayed a positive GSCORR-shift (FDR-corrected p < 0.05). GSCORR-shift showed similar patterns to trGSCORR-shift (magnitude increased) and after global signal regression (magnitude decreased). Concerning BOLD changes, Brodmann area 6 and inferior parietal lobule showed activation, while posterior parietal lobule, cuneus, precuneus, middle frontal gyrus showed deactivation (FDR-corrected p < 0.05). No correlations were found between GSCORR-rest/task/shift and beta-coefficients in the activation cluster, although negative correlations were observed between GSCORR-task and GO/STOP-correct deactivation (Pearson rho=-0.299/-0.273; Bonferroni-p < 0.05). Weak associations between GSCORR and task performance were observed (uncorrected p < 0.05).
    CONCLUSIONS: GSCORR state-dependent reconfiguration indicates a reallocation of functional resources to associative areas during stop-signal task. GSCORR, activation and deactivation may represent distinct proxies of brain states with specific neurofunctional relevance.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    反应抑制的神经分析依赖于有和没有行为反应的分离试验。研究人员能否确定行为结果的缺失等同于抑制控制的存在?我们强调通过利用反应进展的外围测量来定义行为停止对比来推进反应抑制研究。
    Neural analyses of response inhibition rely on separating trials with and without a behavioral response. Can researchers be sure the absence of a behavioral outcome equates to the presence of inhibitory control? We emphasize advancing response inhibition research by utilizing peripheral measures of response progress to define behavioral stopping contrasts.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    表现出节制饮食行为的个体在暴露于食物相关刺激时表现出增强的抑制控制,表明存在自动的食物抑制关联。现有文献表明,这种关联导致了该人群中食物的贬值。通过促进完全消除对食物反应的抑制作用来破坏这种联系的努力已导致食物消耗增加,但也导致饮食行为受限的个体与食物相关的焦虑加剧。在目前的调查中,我们调查了一种新颖的灵活的食物反应/抑制计算机化任务是否可以在饮食受限的个体中产生对食物态度的有利变化。我们将78名从事节制饮食的女性随机分配到三个训练组之一。在柔性反应/抑制组中,参与者被指示同样抑制食物刺激或对食物刺激做出反应.在响应组中,参与者对食物刺激的反应一致,而在抑制组中,参与者始终抑制他们对食物线索的反应。在操作之前和之后都评估了对食物的内隐态度。为了检查训练效果的稳定性,参与者还参与了看似无关的假味觉测试。我们的结果表明,只有灵活的反应/抑制组表现出进食后对高热量食物的积极态度显着改善,而其他两组的消极态度没有可观察到的变化。这些发现表明,促进对食物刺激的反应和抑制反应之间的平衡可以增加节制饮食的个体对食物的积极态度。
    Individuals exhibiting restrained eating behaviors demonstrate increased inhibitory control when exposed to food-related stimuli, indicating the presence of an automatic food-inhibition association. Existing literature proposes that this association contributes to the devaluation of food within this population. Efforts to disrupt this association by promoting the complete elimination of the inhibition of food responses have resulted in increased food consumption but have also led to heightened food-related anxiety in individuals with restrained eating behaviors. In the current investigation, we investigated whether a novel flexible food response/inhibition computerized task could yield favorable changes in attitudes toward food in individuals with restrained eating. We randomly assigned 78 females who engage in restrained eating to one of three training groups. In the flexible response/inhibition group, participants were instructed to equally inhibit or respond to food stimuli. In the response group, participants consistently responded to food stimuli, while in the inhibition group, participants consistently inhibited their response to food cues. Implicit attitudes toward food were assessed both before and after the manipulation. To examine the stability of the effect of the training, participants also engaged in a seemingly unrelated bogus taste test. Our results revealed that only the flexible response/inhibition group demonstrated a significant improvement in positive attitudes toward high-calorie foods after eating, while there were no observable changes in negative attitudes among the other two groups. These findings suggest that promoting a balance between the responding and inhibiting responses to food stimuli can increase positive attitudes toward food amongst individuals with restrained eating.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    在需要时快速启动动作的能力和取消即将发生的动作的能力都是动作控制的基础。通常认为它们在质量上是不同的过程,然而,它们在很大程度上是孤立研究的,对它们之间的关系知之甚少。比较先前的实验结果显示了反应开始和反应抑制的相似时间过程。然而,确切的时间过程因实验条件而异,包括不同试验类型的频率和反应的紧迫性。例如,在停止信号任务中,其中包括作用起始和作用抑制,并且可以进行比较,通常发现行动抑制要快得多。然而,这种明显的差异可能是由于为了避免任务失败,抑制行动比启动行动更紧迫。行动启动和行动抑制之间的紧迫性不对称使得无法在单个任务中比较它们的相对时间过程。这里,我们证明,当在尽可能紧密匹配的条件下分别测量作用开始和作用抑制时,他们的速度在参与者之间是不可区分的,也是正相关的。我们的结果提出了这样一种可能性,即作用开始和作用抑制不一定是定性上不同的过程,但可能反映了决定是否采取行动的单一决策过程的互补结果。
    The ability to initiate an action quickly when needed and the ability to cancel an impending action are both fundamental to action control. It is often presumed that they are qualitatively distinct processes, yet they have largely been studied in isolation and little is known about how they relate to one another. Comparing previous experimental results shows a similar time course for response initiation and response inhibition. However, the exact time course varies widely depending on experimental conditions, including the frequency of different trial types and the urgency to respond. For example, in the stop-signal task, where both action initiation and action inhibition are involved and could be compared, action inhibition is typically found to be much faster. However, this apparent difference is likely due to there being much greater urgency to inhibit an action than to initiate one in order to avoid failing at the task. This asymmetry in the urgency between action initiation and action inhibition makes it impossible to compare their relative time courses in a single task. Here, we demonstrate that when action initiation and action inhibition are measured separately under conditions that are matched as closely as possible, their speeds are not distinguishable and are positively correlated across participants. Our results raise the possibility that action initiation and action inhibition may not necessarily be qualitatively distinct processes but may instead reflect complementary outcomes of a single decision process determining whether or not to act.NEW & NOTEWORTHY The time courses of initiating an action and canceling an action have largely been studied in isolation, and little is known about their relationship. Here, we show that when measured under comparable conditions the speeds of action initiation and action inhibition are the same. This finding raises the possibility that these two functions may be more closely related than previously assumed, with potentially important implications for their underlying neural basis.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    这项研究调查了低剂量酒精的影响,这是驾驶汽车可以接受的,使用停止信号任务(SST)对17名健康右撇子社交饮酒者进行抑制控制和神经处理。该研究同时使用功能磁共振成像和肌电图(EMG)记录来评估低剂量酒精(呼气酒精浓度为0.15mg/L)和安慰剂条件下的行为和神经反应。结果表明,即使少量饮酒也会延长SST中的Go反应时间,并改善停止行为,部分响应EMG的频率和幅度降低证明了这一点,但在成功的抑制控制过程中并未导致按钮按下。此外,酒精摄入增强了右下额叶皮层抑制反应失败期间的神经活动,提示其在停止信号失败后的行为适应中的潜在作用。这些发现表明,即使在合法驾驶限制内的低水平饮酒也会极大地影响认知表现和抑制反应所涉及的大脑活动。这项研究为低剂量饮酒对神经行为的影响提供了重要证据,这对理解运动控制和决策受损的生物学基础以及可能为饮酒提供法律指导具有重要意义。
    This study investigated the effects of low doses of alcohol, which are acceptable for driving a car, on inhibitory control and neural processing using the stop-signal task (SST) in 17 healthy right-handed social drinkers. The study employed simultaneous functional magnetic resonance imaging and electromyography (EMG) recordings to assess behavioral and neural responses under conditions of low-dose alcohol (breath-alcohol concentration of 0.15 mg/L) and placebo. The results demonstrated that even a small amount of alcohol consumption prolonged Go reaction times in the SST and modified stopping behavior, as evidenced by a decrease in the frequency and magnitude of partial response EMG that did not result in button pressing during successful inhibitory control. Furthermore, alcohol intake enhanced neural activity during failed inhibitory responses in the right inferior frontal cortex, suggesting its potential role in behavioral adaptation following stop-signal failure. These findings suggest that even low levels of alcohol consumption within legal driving limits can greatly impact both the cognitive performance and brain activity involved in inhibiting responses. This research provides important evidence on the neurobehavioral effects of low-dose alcohol consumption, with implications for understanding the biological basis of impaired motor control and decision-making and potentially informing legal guidelines on alcohol consumption.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    越来越多的证据表明,不良经历对执行功能和潜在的神经回路有长期影响。先前的工作已经确定了暴露于逆境的个体的额叶脑区抑制控制过程中的功能异常。然而,这些发现大多仅限于特定的逆境类型,如虐待和产前药物滥用。
    我们使用来自纵向出生队列研究(n=121,70名女性)的数据来调查抑制控制过程中逆境与大脑反应之间的关联。33岁时,所有参与者在fMRI和成人自我报告量表期间完成了停止信号任务.我们收集了七种产前和产后逆境测量,并进行了主成分分析,以捕获这些逆境中的常见变化,这导致了一个三因素的解决方案。进行多元回归分析,以确定抑制控制过程中逆境与大脑反应之间的联系,使用已确定的逆境因子来显示共同影响,并使用单个逆境措施来显示每种逆境的特定贡献。为了找到抑制控制过程中当前精神病理学的神经相关性,我们使用成人自我报告分量表进行了其他回归分析.
    反映产前母亲吸烟和产后心理社会逆境的第一个逆境因素与双侧额叶下回抑制控制期间较高的激活有关,脑岛,前扣带皮质,和颞叶中回.对于与第一个逆境因素相关的逆境的具体贡献,发现了类似的结果。相比之下,我们没有发现抑制控制期间的大脑反应与反映产前母体压力和产科风险的第二个逆境因素或反映较低母体敏感性的第三个逆境因素之间有任何显著关联.在抑制控制期间,较高的电流抑郁症状与双侧岛叶和前扣带回皮质的较高激活有关。
    我们的发现扩展了以前的工作,并表明早期的不良经历对成年期抑制控制的神经回路有长期影响。此外,逆境和抑郁症状的神经相关性之间的重叠表明,不良经历可能会通过神经改变增加脆弱性,这需要通过未来的纵向研究来研究。
    UNASSIGNED: Growing evidence suggests that adverse experiences have long-term effects on executive functioning and underlying neural circuits. Previous work has identified functional abnormalities during inhibitory control in frontal brain regions in individuals exposed to adversities. However, these findings were mostly limited to specific adversity types such as maltreatment and prenatal substance abuse.
    UNASSIGNED: We used data from a longitudinal birth cohort study (n = 121, 70 females) to investigate the association between adversities and brain responses during inhibitory control. At the age of 33 years, all participants completed a stop-signal task during fMRI and an Adult Self-Report scale. We collected seven prenatal and postnatal adversity measures across development and performed a principal component analysis to capture common variations across those adversities, which resulted in a three-factor solution. Multiple regression analysis was performed to identify links between adversities and brain responses during inhibitory control using the identified adversity factors to show the common effect and single adversity measures to show the specific contribution of each adversity. To find neural correlates of current psychopathology during inhibitory control, we performed additional regression analyses using Adult Self-Report subscales.
    UNASSIGNED: The first adversity factor reflecting prenatal maternal smoking and postnatal psychosocial adversities was related to higher activation during inhibitory control in bilateral inferior frontal gyri, insula, anterior cingulate cortex, and middle temporal gyri. Similar results were found for the specific contribution of the adversities linked to the first adversity factor. In contrast, we did not identify any significant association between brain responses during inhibitory control and the second adversity factor reflecting prenatal maternal stress and obstetric risk or the third adversity factor reflecting lower maternal sensitivity. Higher current depressive symptoms were associated with higher activation in the bilateral insula and anterior cingulate cortex during inhibitory control.
    UNASSIGNED: Our findings extended previous work and showed that early adverse experiences have a long-term effect on the neural circuitry of inhibitory control in adulthood. Furthermore, the overlap between neural correlates of adversity and depressive symptomatology suggests that adverse experiences might increase vulnerability via neural alterations, which needs to be investigated by future longitudinal research.
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  • 文章类型: Meta-Analysis
    Go/No-Go和Stop-Signal任务已用于通过反复配对食物提示与反应抑制来减少过量食物摄入。对32项研究进行了荟萃分析,以确定是否,在何种条件下,Go/No-Go和停止信号培训任务可有效减少食物消耗或选择。主持人包括任务参数(例如,会话数量,停止信号),样本差异(例如,年龄,weight),以及食物消费或选择的衡量标准。总的来说,Go/No-Go和Stop-Signal训练在减少食物消耗或选择方面的作用很小,g=-0.21,CI95=[-0.31,-0.11],p<.001,仅对Go/No-Go任务的单个会话单独保留,g=-0.31,CI95=[-0.45,-0.18],p<.001。对不同主持人的影响进行的全面调查表明,Go/No-Go训练的效果是强大的。然而,任务的具体参数存在显著差异。总的来说,本荟萃分析通过提供全面的证据来扩展以前的发现,证明Go/No-Go任务在减少食物消耗和选择方面是有效的,以及为任务提供最佳参数建议。
    The Go/No-Go and Stop-Signal tasks have been used to reduce excess food intake via repeated pairing of food cues with response inhibition. A meta analysis of 32 studies was conducted to determine whether, and under which conditions, the Go/No-Go and Stop-Signal training tasks are effective in reducing food consumption or choice. Moderators included task parameters (e.g., number of sessions, stop signal), sample differences (e.g., age, weight), and the measure of food consumption or choice. Overall, there was a small effect for Go/No-Go and Stop-Signal training in reducing food consumption or choice, g = -0.21, CI95 = [-0.31, -0.11], p < .001, with this holding individually only for a single session of the Go/No-Go Task, g = -0.31, CI95 = [-0.45, -0.18], p < .001. Comprehensive investigation of the impact of varying moderators indicated that the effect for Go/No-Go training was robust. Nevertheless, there was significant variation in the specific parameters of the task. Overall, the present meta-analysis extends previous findings by providing comprehensive evidence that the Go/No-Go Task is effective in reducing food consumption and choice, as well as providing optimal parameter recommendations for the task.
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