背景:患有视力障碍和失明的人在执行常规任务(如保持适当的卫生条件)时面临挑战,这使得它们容易受到肠道寄生虫感染。
目的:本研究旨在调查患有眼病的儿童和青少年肠道寄生虫感染的患病率和分布,并评估COVID-19大流行期间的封锁是否影响了这些发病率。
方法:本回顾性研究,在加尔各答地区眼科研究所的儿童和青少年中进行了基于医院记录的研究,印度。它涉及常规粪便检查,作为2019-2020年期间治疗的一部分。收集清晨的粪便标本,并将其放入容器中带到研究所实验室。在显微镜下检查粪便是否有囊肿,ova,寄生虫,成虫研究结果记录在实验室记录簿中。然后将这些数据提取到电子表格中,并使用IBMSPSSStatisticsforWindows进行分析,版本26(2019年发布;IBMCorp.,Armonk,纽约)。
结果:肠道寄生虫感染的患病率为8.59%(687例患者中有59例)。在这59例阳性病例中,蛔虫,贾第虫Lamblia,溶组织内阿米巴,TrichurisTrichiura,牛带虫属。,蛭虫,和Isosporabelli检测到27(45.8%),15(25.4%),8(13.6%),6(10.2%),3(5.1%),2(3.4%),1名(1.7%)患者,分别。从9月到1月,粪便样本的阳性率较高。大流行和封锁后的样本阳性率更高,但没有统计学意义(11.5%与5.3%;χ²=4.044,df=1,p=0.44)。
结论:在我们的环境中,在患有眼部疾病的儿童和青少年中最常见的肠道寄生虫。注意到季节性变化,雨季结束时和冬季之后的病例阳性率较高。因此,我们建议在此期间加强印度东部的例行驱虫计划。大流行后样本阳性较高可能归因于封锁期学校关闭,这可能会导致一些孩子错过他们的常规驱虫药物。
BACKGROUND: People with visual impairments and blindness face challenges in performing regular tasks such as maintaining proper sanitation, which makes them vulnerable to intestinal parasitic infections.
OBJECTIVE: This study aims to examine the prevalence and distribution of intestinal parasitic infections in children and adolescents with ocular diseases and to assess if the lockdown during the COVID-19 pandemic affected these rates.
METHODS: This retrospective, hospital record-based study was conducted among children and adolescents attending the Regional Institute of Ophthalmology in Kolkata, India. It involved routine stool examinations as part of their treatment during 2019-2020. Early morning stool specimens were collected and brought to the institute laboratory in containers. Stools were examined under a microscope for cysts, ova, parasites, and adult worms. Findings were recorded in the laboratory record book. These data were then extracted into a spreadsheet and analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 26 (Released 2019; IBM Corp., Armonk, New York).
RESULTS: The prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections was 8.59% (59 out of 687 patients). Among those 59 positive cases, Ascaris lumbricoides, Giardia lamblia, Entamoeba histolytica, Trichuris trichiura, Taenia spp., Enterobius vermicularis, and Isospora belli were detected in 27 (45.8%), 15 (25.4%), 8 (13.6%), 6 (10.2%), 3 (5.1%), 2 (3.4%), and 1 (1.7%) patients, respectively. The positivity rate of stool samples was higher from September and thereafter from January to March. The sample positivity rate was higher post-pandemic and lockdown, but not statistically significant (11.5% vs. 5.3%; χ²=4.044, df=1, p=0.44).
CONCLUSIONS: Ascaris lumbricoides was the most commonly observed intestinal parasite in children and adolescents with ocular disease in our setting. Seasonal variation was noted with higher case positivity at the end of the rainy season and thereafter in winter. Therefore, we propose to strengthen the routine deworming program during this period in Eastern India. Higher sample positivity after the pandemic may be attributed to school closures during the lockdown period, which might have caused some children to miss their routine deworming medication.