集约化养殖模式下的鱼类肠道健康对其生长起着重要作用,发展,和免疫功能。本研究旨在通过生化指标系统研究野生和养殖黄铁矿肠道健康的差异。组织形态学,和分子生物学。每组共15名健康的白杨,平均体重为45克,进行采样以分析肠道健康参数。与野生鱼相比,前肠中培养的M.albus的胰蛋白酶较低,脂肪酶,SOD,CAT,T-AOC,和GSH-Px活性(P<0.05),淀粉酶活性和MDA含量较高(P<0.05)。培养组绒毛周和杯状细胞显著低于野生组(P<0.05)。此外,养殖鱼显示较低的occludin相对表达水平,zo-1,zo-2,claudin-12,claudin-15,黏蛋白5,黏蛋白15,溶菌酶,补体3,il-10,tgf-β1,tgf-β2和tgf-β3(P<0.05)和更高的il-1β,il-6,il-8,tnf-a,和ifnγmRNA表达高于野生鱼类(P<0.05)。就肠道菌群而言,门水平的培养组显示出较高的衣原体和螺旋藻百分比和较低的Firmicutes百分比,拟杆菌,放线菌,蓝细菌,与野生组相比(P<0.05)。在属一级,与野生组相比,培养组观察到假单胞菌科假单胞菌和螺旋体的丰度较高,乳球菌和细菌的丰度较低(P<0.05)。据我们所知,这是在生物化学方面对野生和培养的M.albus之间的肠道健康状况进行的首次调查,组织学,和分子生物学水平。总的来说,本研究表明,野生和培养的M.albus在肠道健康方面存在显着差异,主要表现为野生M.albus具有较高的肠道消化率,抗氧化能力,和肠道屏障功能比培养的M.albus。本研究结果可为后续健康养殖技术的升级和养殖黄牛肠道健康的营养调控提供理论依据。
Fish intestinal health under intensive aquaculture mode plays an important role in growth, development, and immune function. The present study was aimed to systematically investigate the differences of intestinal health between wild and cultured Monopterus albus by biochemical parameters, histomorphology, and molecular biology. A total of 15 healthy M. albus per group, with an average body weight of 45 g, were sampled to analyze intestinal health parameters. Compared with wild fish, the cultured M. albus in the foregut had lower trypsin, lipase, SOD, CAT, T-AOC, and GSH-Px activities (P < 0.05) and higher amylase activity and MDA content (P < 0.05). The villus circumference and goblet cells in the cultured group were significantly lower than those in the wild group (P < 0.05). In addition, the cultured fish showed lower relative expression levels of occludin, zo-1, zo-2, claudin-12, claudin-15, mucin5, mucin15, lysozyme, complement 3, il-10, tgf-β1, tgf-β2, and tgf-β3 (P < 0.05) and higher il-1β, il-6, il-8, tnf-a, and ifnγ mRNA expressions than those of wild fish (P < 0.05). In terms of gut microbiota, the cultured group at the phylum level displayed higher percentages of Chlamydiae and Spirochaetes and lower percentages of Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, Cyanobacteria, and Verrucomicrobia compared to the wild group (P < 0.05). At the genus level, higher abundances of Pseudomonadaceae_Pseudomonas and Spironema and lower abundances of Lactococcus and Cetobacterium were observed in the cultured group than in the wild group (P < 0.05). To our knowledge, this is the first investigation of the intestinal health status between wild and cultured M. albus in terms of biochemistry, histology, and molecular biology levels. Overall, the present study showed significant differences in intestinal health between wild and cultured M. albus and the main manifestations that wild M. albus had higher intestinal digestion, antioxidant capacity, and intestinal barrier functions than cultured M. albus. These results would provide theoretical basis for the subsequent upgrading of healthy aquaculture technology and nutrient regulation of intestinal health of cultured M. albus.