背景:传统的疫苗覆盖率测量可以掩盖及时接种疫苗的程度。因此,由于世界各国疫苗接种方案的差异,时效性的最佳度量尚不清楚.在埃塞俄比亚,口服脊髓灰质炎病毒(OPV),五价,破伤风,乙型流感,乙型肝炎,肺炎结合疫苗(PCV)是出生时服用的基本疫苗,六周,十周,分别为14周。尽管它很重要,关于研究区域按时接种疫苗的信息很少.因此,这项研究旨在评估Boricha区12-23个月儿童按时接种疫苗的患病率和相关因素,Sidama埃塞俄比亚,2019年。
方法:在Boricha区进行了一项基于社区的调查,埃塞俄比亚Sidama地区,2019年1月1日至30日。使用分层多阶段抽样技术选择研究参与者。Kebeles根据居住地进行分层。首先,使用随机抽样选择Kebeles。然后,采用系统随机抽样方法到达每个家庭。使用结构化和面试官管理的问卷收集数据。采用Logistic回归分析确定与及时接种疫苗相关的因素。然后,将COR中p值<0.25的自变量进一步拟合到多变量逻辑回归分析模型中,以控制可能的联合创始人.计算具有95%CI和p值<0.05的AOR,并将其报告为统计学显著性水平。
结果:从614名研究参与者中,只有609名研究参与者对问题做出了完全回答,回答率为99.2%.在这项研究中,疫苗接种及时性的患病率为26.8%(95%CI:25,28)。受正规教育妇女的子女等因素(AOR=5.3,95CI,2.7,10.4),没有产前护理访问(AOR=4.2,95CI,1.8,9.8),送货上门(AOR=6.2,95CI,4.0,9.3),缺乏产后护理(AOR=3.7,95CI,1.1,13.3),缺乏有关疫苗完成日期的信息(AOR=2.0,95%CI,1.13,3.8)是影响12-23个月儿童及时接种疫苗的因素。
结论:12-23个月儿童按时接种疫苗的患病率低于全国阈值。因此,应设计和实施关于疫苗接种时间表和提醒策略的持续健康教育。此外,应加强和协调妇幼保健服务,以提高疫苗的按时接种。
Traditional measurement of vaccine coverage can mask the magnitude of timely uptake of vaccine. Hence, the optimal measurement of timeliness is unclear due to variations in vaccine schedule among countries in the world. In Ethiopia, Oral Polio Virus (OPV), Pentavalent, Tetanus, H. influenza type B, Hepatitis B, and Pneumonia-Conjugate Vaccine (PCV) are basic vaccines which are taken at birth, six weeks, ten weeks, and fourteen weeks respectively. Despite its importance, information is scarce about on-time vaccination in the study area. Therefore, this study aimed to assess prevalence and factors associated with on-time vaccination among children of age 12-23 months in Boricha district,
Sidama Ethiopia, in 2019.
A community based survey was conducted in Boricha district,
Sidama region Ethiopia from January 1-30 in 2019. Study participants were selected using stratified multistage sampling technique. Kebeles were stratified based on residence. First, Kebeles were selected using random sampling. Then, systematic random sampling was employed to reach each household. Data were collected using structured and interviewer administered questionnaire. Logistic regression analysis was employed to identify factors associated with timely vaccination. Then, independent variables with p-value < 0.25 in COR were fitted further into multivariate logistic regression analysis model to control the possible cofounders. AOR with 95% CI and p-value < 0.05 was computed and reported as the level of statistical significance.
From a total of 614 study participants, only 609 study participants have responded to questions completely making a response rate of 99.2%. Prevalence of timeliness of vaccination was 26.8% (95% CI: 25, 28) in this study. Factors like children of women with formal education (AOR = 5.3, 95%CI,2.7, 10.4), absence of antenatal care visit (AOR = 4.2,95%CI, 1.8,9.8), home delivery (AOR = 6.2,95%CI,4.0,9.3), lack of postnatal care (AOR = 3.7,95%CI,1.1,13.3), and lack of information about when vaccines completion date (AOR = 2.0, 95% CI,1.13,3.8) were factors influences timely vaccination among children of age 12-23 months.
Prevalence of on-time vaccination among children of age 12-23 months is lower than national threshold. Therefore, sustained health education on vaccination schedule and reminder strategies should be designed and implemented. Furthermore, maternal and child health care services should be enhanced and coordinated to improve on-time uptake of vaccine.