跨界病原体对赞比亚和坦桑尼亚等国的生计安全构成威胁。本研究旨在调查小反刍动物病毒(PPRV)的血清阳性率,口蹄疫病毒(FMDV),绵羊和山羊痘病毒(SGPV),裂谷热病毒(RVFV)和布鲁氏菌属。在坦桑尼亚和赞比亚边境的绵羊和山羊身上。另一个目的是评估某些预测变量与血清阳性率之间的关联,专注于贸易和靠近国际边界,到一个城镇和坦桑尼亚-赞比亚高速公路。在2018年9月至10月期间,收集了来自赞比亚小反刍动物的486份血清样本,并使用酶联免疫吸附测定(ELISA)进行了分析。向每个家庭发放了一份侧重于管理策略的问卷。赞比亚的动物水平血清阳性率为0.21%[PPRV的95%置信区间(CI)(0.01-1.14),FMDV的1.03%(95%CI0.33-2.39),SGPV为0%(95%CI0-0.76),RVFV为2.26%(95%CI1.14-4.01),布鲁氏菌为1.65%(95%CI0.71-3.22)。].在坦桑尼亚,PPRV的动物水平血清阳性率为2.85%(95%CI1.57-4.74),FMDV的16.9%(95%CI13.7-20.5),SGPV为0.20%(95%CI0.01-1.13),RVFV为3.26%(95%CI1.87-5.24),布鲁氏菌为20.0%(95%CI14.5-26.5)。对于PPRV(OR6.83,95%CI1.37-34.0,p=0.019)和FMDV(OR5.68,95%CI1.58-20.3,p=0.008),距国际边界30公里以上的牛群更有可能呈血清阳性,位于距边界10-30km(OR4.43,95%CI1.22-16.1p=0.024)时,被确定为布鲁氏菌属的危险因素。对于FMDV(OR79.2,95%CI4.52-1388.9,p=0.003),距离城镇30公里以内的地方与血清阳性有关。此外,与野生反刍动物接触(OR18.2,95%CI1.36-244),以及家庭中绵羊的存在(OR5.20,95%CI1.00-26.9,p=0.049),与PPRV血清阳性相关,FMDV没有发现贸易或与Tan-Zam高速公路的距离与血清阳性率之间的显着关联。我们建议贸易和靠近边境的影响,城镇和道路应该在更大的研究中进一步评估,理想情况下,结合时间贸易波动等方面。
Transboundary pathogens pose a threat to livelihood security in countries such as Zambia and Tanzania. This study aimed to investigate the seroprevalence of peste des petits ruminants virus (PPRV), foot and mouth disease virus (FMDV), sheep and goat pox virus (SGPV), Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) and Brucella spp. in sheep and goats along the Tanzania-Zambia border. Another aim was to assess the association between certain predictor variables and seroprevalence, focusing on trade and proximity to an international border, to a town and to the Tanzania-Zambia highway. During September-October 2018, 486 serum samples from small ruminants in Zambia and 491 in Tanzania were collected and analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). A questionnaire focused on management strategies was administered to each household. The animal-level seroprevalence in Zambia was 0.21% [95% confidence interval (CI) (0.01-1.14) for PPRV, 1.03% (95% CI 0.33-2.39) for FMDV, 0% (95% CI 0-0.76) for SGPV, 2.26% (95% CI 1.14-4.01) for RVFV and 1.65% (95% CI 0.71-3.22) for Brucella spp.]. In Tanzania, animal-level seroprevalence was 2.85% (95% CI 1.57-4.74) for PPRV, 16.9% (95% CI 13.7-20.5) for FMDV, 0.20% (95% CI 0.01-1.13) for SGPV, 3.26% (95% CI 1.87-5.24) for RVFV and 20.0% (95% CI 14.5-26.5) for Brucella spp. For PPRV (OR 6.83, 95% CI 1.37-34.0, p = 0.019) and FMDV (OR 5.68, 95% CI 1.58-20.3, p = 0.008), herds situated more than 30 km from an international border were more likely to be seropositive, while being located 10-30 km (OR 4.43, 95% CI 1.22-16.1 p = 0.024) from a border was identified as a risk factor for Brucella spp. For FMDV (OR 79.2, 95% CI 4.52-1388.9, p = 0.003), being situated within 30 km from a town was associated with seropositivity. Furthermore, contact with wild ruminants (OR 18.2, 95% CI 1.36-244), and the presence of sheep in the household (OR 5.20, 95% CI 1.00-26.9, p = 0.049), was associated with seropositivity for PPRV, and FMDV. No significant associations between trade or distance to the Tan-Zam highway and seroprevalence were found. We recommend that the impact of trade and proximity to borders, towns and roads should be further evaluated in larger studies, ideally incorporating aspects such as temporal trade fluctuations.