根据欧盟委员会的要求,EFSA评估了2019年上市后环境监测(PMEM)报告中关于表达Cry1Ab的玉米事件MON810的种植。像往年一样,完全遵守葡萄牙的避难要求,部分遵守西班牙农民种植MON810品种的避难要求。在2019年玉米生长季节从西班牙东北部收集的欧洲和地中海玉米bore种群,并对Cry1Ab敏感性进行了测试,未显示出对玉米MON810的抗性症状。对农民问卷和相关科学出版物的评估并未表明玉米MON810的种植对人类和动物健康或环境产生任何意料之外的不利影响。总的来说,EFSA得出的结论是,2019年PMEM报告中报告的证据并没有使EFSA先前对玉米MON810安全性的评估无效。然而,和往年一样,EFSA指出了耐药性监测方面的缺陷,需要在未来的报告中进行修订。特别是,监测计划,如2019年实施的,对检测推荐的3%耐药等位基因频率不够敏感。因此,EFSA强烈建议同意持有人在玉米MON810采用率较高的地区完全遵守避难义务,并通过对西班牙东北部的玉米bore种群进行定期F2筛查来提高监测计划的敏感性。EFSA建议在接收环境出现与MON810的环境风险评估相关的新特征时修改农民问卷,例如teosinte的出现。EFSA鼓励有关欧盟成员国的主管部门,同意持有人和环境网络进行对话,以制定如何最好地识别和报告Bt玉米品种种植的意外不利影响的框架。
Following a request from the European Commission, the EFSA assessed the 2019 post-market environmental monitoring (PMEM) report on the cultivation of Cry1Ab-expressing maize event MON 810. Like previous years, there was full compliance with refuge requirement in Portugal and partial compliance with refuge requirements by Spanish farmers growing MON 810 varieties. European and Mediterranean corn borer populations collected from north-eastern Spain during the 2019 maize growing season and tested for Cry1Ab susceptibility show no symptoms of resistance to maize MON 810. The assessment of farmer questionnaires and relevant scientific publications does not indicate any unanticipated adverse effects on human and animal health or the environment arising from the cultivation of maize MON 810. Overall, EFSA concludes that the evidence reported in the 2019 PMEM report does not invalidate previous EFSA evaluations on the safety of maize MON 810. However, as in previous years, EFSA identifies shortcomings on resistance monitoring that need revision in future reports. In particular, the monitoring plan, as implemented in 2019, is not sufficiently sensitive to detect the recommended 3% resistance allele frequency. Consequently, EFSA strongly recommends the consent holder to achieve full compliance with refuge obligations in areas where adoption of maize MON 810 is high and increase the sensitivity of the monitoring plan by performing periodic F2 screens on corn borer populations from north-eastern Spain. EFSA recommends revising the farmer questionnaires when new characteristics of the receiving environment emerge which are relevant for the environmental risk assessment of MON 810 such as the emergence of teosinte. EFSA encourages the Competent authorities of concerned EU Member States, the consent holder and environmental networks to engage in a dialogue to develop a framework on how to best identify and report unexpected adverse effects from the cultivation of Bt maize varieties.