■退休教师的福利往往容易被忽视。本研究旨在探讨退休教师的心理健康状况及其影响因素。
■从2022年10月至12月,使用症状清单90(SCL-90)对退休教师进行了方便的抽样调查,主要采用χ2检验和logistic回归分析。
■对353名退休教师进行了抽样调查,总体阳性检出率为16.1%。阳性检出率最高的5个因素为强迫症(30.3%),人际关系敏感性(21.5%),偏执狂(20.1%),焦虑(19.3%),和其他(19.3%)。这五个因素的检出率,即精神病,抑郁症,敌意,恐怖,和躯体化,都低于19%。性别数据(χ2=4.626,P=0.043),职称(χ2=17.670,P=0.003),收入(χ2=9.960,P=0.041),生活满意度(χ2=27.348,P=0.000),家庭关系(χ2=51.451,P=0.000),和身体健康状况(χ2=50.361,P=0.000)表明退休教师的心理健康差异有统计学意义。多元二元逻辑回归分析显示,家庭关系,生活满意度,和身体健康是导致退休教师心理健康问题的重要因素。
■退休教师要培养广泛的兴趣爱好,定期进行体育锻炼,养成健康的生活习惯,营造积极的家庭氛围,建立和谐的家庭关系,促进社区文化建设,加强心理干预,预防心理疾病。
UNASSIGNED: The wellbeing of retired teachers is often easily overlooked. This study aims to explore the mental health status and influencing factors of retired teachers.
UNASSIGNED: From October to December 2022, a convenient sampling survey was conducted on retired teachers using the Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90), mainly using the χ2-test and logistic regression analysis.
UNASSIGNED: A sampling survey was conducted on 353 retired teachers, with an overall positive detection rate of 16.1%. The five factors with the highest positive detection rate were found to be obsessive-compulsive disorder (30.3%), interpersonal sensitivity (21.5%), paranoia (20.1%), anxiety (19.3%), and others (19.3%). The detection rates for the five factors, namely psychosis, depression, hostility, terror, and somatization, are all below 19%. The data on sex (χ2 = 4.626, P = 0.043), professional title (χ2 = 17.670, P = 0.003), income (χ2 = 9.960, P = 0.041), life satisfaction (χ2 = 27.348, P = 0.000), family relationships (χ2 = 51.451, P = 0.000), and physical health status (χ2 = 50.361, P = 0.000) show that the difference in mental health among retired teachers is statistically significant. The multivariate binary logistic regression analysis revealed that family relationships, life satisfaction, and physical health were important factors leading to mental health problems among retired teachers.
UNASSIGNED: Retired teachers should cultivate a wide range of interests and hobbies, engage in regular physical exercise, develop healthy living habits, foster a positive family atmosphere, establish harmonious family relationships, promote community cultural construction, strengthen psychological intervention, and prevent psychological diseases.