ST155

ST155
  • 文章类型: Case Reports
    耐碳青霉烯类沙门氏菌(S.enterica)对公共卫生构成重大威胁,引起胃肠炎和侵袭性感染.我们报道了耐碳青霉烯的肠链球菌血清London菌株的首次出现,A132,在中国携带blaNDM-5基因。全基因组测序和生物信息学分析将A132指定为ST155,这是中国经常报道的多药耐药克隆。菌株A132表现出对多种抗生素的抗性,确定了20个获得性抗生素抗性基因(ARGs),主要位于IncFIB质粒(pA132-1-NDM)上。值得注意的是,blaNDM-5基因位于IS26侧翼的1类整合子-ISR1复合物中,包含两个基因盒。一个卡带是1类整合子,这可能有助于整个建筑群的传输,而另一个是含有blaNDM-5的ISR1-IS26侧翼盒,携带多个其他ARG。基于携带blaNDM-5的盒的Genbank数据库搜索确定了在大肠杆菌(p91)和ormaechei肠杆菌(p388)的可传播的IncFIA质粒中发现的相似遗传背景,具有共享的宿主范围,提示blaNDM-5跨物种传播的可能性。据我们所知,这是首例报道的携带blaNDM-5基因的沙门氏菌伦敦ST155。系统发育分析表明,从同一省分离的A132和8个伦敦ST155菌株之间存在密切的关系。然而,A132的不同之处在于携带blaNDM-5基因和四个独特的ARG。鉴于携带blaNDM-5和18种其他ARG的F型质粒的高传播性,必须实施警惕的监测和采取适当的感染控制措施,以减轻对公众健康的威胁。
    Carbapenem-resistant Salmonella enterica (S. enterica) pose a significant threat to public health, causing gastroenteritis and invasive infections. We report the first emergence of a carbapenem-resistant S. enterica serovar London strain, A132, carrying the blaNDM-5 gene in China. Whole-genome sequencing and bioinformatics analysis assigned A132 to be ST155, a multidrug-resistant clone frequently reported in China. The strain A132 exhibited resistance to multiple antibiotics, with 20 acquired antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) identified, predominantly located on the IncFIB plasmid (pA132-1-NDM). Notably, the blaNDM-5 gene was located within an IS26 flanked-class 1 integron-ISCR1 complex, comprising two genetic cassettes. One cassette is the class 1 integron, which may facilitate the transmission of the entire complex, while the other is the blaNDM-5-containing ISCR1-IS26-flanked cassette, carrying multiple other ARGs. Genbank database search based on the blaNDM-5-carrying cassette identified a similar genetic context found in transmissible IncFIA plasmids from Escherichia coli (p91) and Enterobacter hormaechei (p388) with a shared host range, suggesting the potential for cross-species transmission of blaNDM-5. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of Salmonella serovar London ST155 harboring blaNDM-5 gene. Phylogenetic analysis indicated a close relationship between A132 and eight S. London ST155 strains isolated from the same province. However, A132 differed by carrying the blaNDM-5 gene and four unique ARGs. Given the high transmissibility of the F-type plasmid harboring blaNDM-5 and 18 other ARGs, it is imperative to implement vigilant surveillance and adopt appropriate infection control measures to mitigate the threat to public health.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    未经证实:产超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBL)的大肠杆菌已经在产食动物中广泛存在。这些菌株充当抗生素抗性基因(ARGs)的储存库,并且充当人类感染的可能来源,因为可以通过直接或间接接触发生传播。
    UNASSIGNED:这项研究调查了津巴布韦2年(2017-2019年)家禽中产生ESBL和耐粘菌素的大肠杆菌的粪便携带情况。从家禽泄殖腔标本中总共选择了21个ESBL阳性分离株,用于在国家微生物参考实验室使用国家大肠杆菌监测计划的表型敏感性测试结果进行生物储存的动物大肠杆菌分离株的全基因组测序,以提供不同地理区域和分离年份的代表性。从农场1和农场2的3000只肉鸡活禽中收集泄殖腔拭子,对40只后院鸡和10只鸭子进行采样。根据临床实验室标准研究所指南进行抗菌药敏感性和ESBL测试。产ESBL分离株的全基因组测序用于确定序列类型(ST),ARGs,和系统组。
    未经鉴定:所包括的21个大肠杆菌分离株被确认为ESBL生产者。鉴定了三种确定的序列类型克隆复合物(CC)(ST10CC,ST155CC和ST23CC),与ST10CC相关的抗生素耐药性最强。ESBL表型与头孢噻肟酶-慕尼黑-14(CTX-M-14)或CTX-M-79的存在有关。质粒介导的喹诺酮抗性决定簇是qnrB19和qnrS1,以及来自农场1肉鸡的一个ST10CC分离株,该分离株具有可移动的粘菌素抗性基因(mcr-1)。鉴定最多的系统发育组是B1,A和未知。
    未经证实:产生禽类ESBL的大肠杆菌属于不同的菌株组。对几种ARGs的检测突显了实施加强控制措施以限制其在动物中传播的重要性,环境,和人类。这是津巴布韦mcr-1的第一份报告,这进一步强调了“一个健康”方法控制AMR传播和发展的重要性。
    Extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli have become widespread among food producing animals. These strains serve as a reservoir of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and act as a possible source of infection to humans as transmission can occur by direct or indirect contact.
    This study investigated the faecal carriage of ESBL producing and colistin resistant E. coli in poultry over a 2-year period (2017-2019) from Zimbabwe. A total of 21 ESBL positive isolates from poultry cloacal specimens were selected for whole genome sequencing from animal E. coli isolates bio-banked at the National Microbiology Reference laboratory using phenotypic susceptibility testing results from the National Escherichia coli Surveillance Program to provide representation of different geographical regions and year of isolation. Cloacal swabs were collected from 3000 broiler live birds from farm 1 and from farm 2, 40 backyard chickens and 10 ducks were sampled. Antimicrobial susceptibility and ESBL testing were performed as per Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. Whole genome sequencing of ESBL producing isolates was used to determine sequence types (STs), ARGs, and phylogroups.
    Twenty-one of the included E. coli isolates were confirmed as ESBL producers. Three defined sequence type clonal complexes (CCs) were identified (ST10CC, ST155CC and ST23CC), with ST10CC associated with the most antibiotic resistant profile. The ESBL phenotype was linked to the presence of either cefotaximase-Munich-14 (CTX-M-14) or CTX-M-79. Plasmid mediated quinolone resistant determinants identified were qnrB19 and qnrS1 and one ST10CC isolate from farm 1 broiler chickens harbored a mobile colistin resistance gene (mcr-1). Phylogenetic groups most identified were B1, A and unknown.
    The avian ESBL producing E. coli belonged to a diverse group of strains. The detection of several ARGs highlights the importance of implementing enhanced control measures to limit the spread in animals, environment, and humans. This is the first report of mcr-1 in Zimbabwe, which further underscores the importance of the One Health approach to control the spread and development of AMR.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    Extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) hydrolyse extended-spectrum cephalosporins (ESC) and aztreonam. As ESBL-producing organisms have been identified in food producing animals, the aim of our study was to detect and analyse such Escherichia coli isolates from poultry. Antibiotic susceptibility of the isolates was determined with disk-diffusion and broth microdilution methods. ESBLs were detected with the double-disk synergy and inhibitor-based test with clavulanic acid. The transferability of cefotaxime resistance was determined with conjugation experiments, and genes encoding ESBLs, plasmid-mediated AmpC β-lactamases, and quinolone resistance determinants identified by polymerase chain reaction. The study included 108 faecal samples (cloacal swabs) from 25 different poultry farms in the Zenica-Doboj Canton, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Of these, 75 (69.4 %) were positive for E. coli, of which 27 were resistant to cefotaxime, amoxicillin, cefazoline, and cefriaxone, and susceptible to imipenem, meropenem, ertapenem, and amikacin. All 27 cefotaxime-resistant isolates were positive in double-disk synergy and combined disk tests. Eighteen isolates transferred cefotaxime resistance to E. coli recipient. Twenty-one isolates were positive for the bla CTX-M-1 cluster genes and seven for bla CTX-M-15. Fourteen were positive for the bla TEM genes. The most frequent plasmid incompatibility group was IncFIB, whereas IncFIA and Inc HI1 were present in only a few isolates. Two different sequence types (STs) were identified: ST117 and ST155. The emergence of ESBL-producing E. coli in farm animals presents a public health threat, as they can colonise the intestine and cause infections in humans.
    Beta-laktamaze proširenog spektra djelovanja (ESBL) enzimi su koji izazivaju rezistenciju na peniciline, na prvu, drugu, treću i četvrtu generaciju cefalosporina i na aztreonam. Osim u ljudskim uzorcima, ESBL-pozitivni izolati pronađeni su i u hrani životinjskoga podrijetla. Cilj istraživanja bio je analizirati suspektne ESBL-producirajuće izolate dobivene na peradarskim farmama u Zeničko-dobojskom kantonu u Bosni i Hercegovini. Osjetljivost na antibiotike određena je disk-difuzijskom bujonskom mikrodilucijskom metodom. ESBL-producirajući izolati detektirani su metodom dvostrukoga diska i metodom kombiniranih diskova s klavulanskom kiselinom. Prenosivost rezistencije na cefotaksim određena je metodom konjugacije u bujonu. Za detekciju gena koji kodiraju ESBL, plazmidne AmpC beta-laktamaze i determinante rezistencije na kinolone primijenjena je lančana reakcija polimeraze (PCR, od engl. Polymerase Chain Reaction). Na 25 peradarskih farmi u Zeničko-dobojskom kantonu ukupno je prikupljeno 108 uzoraka fecesa (obrisci kloake). Od 108 brisova, njih 75 (69,4 %) bilo je pozitivno na E. coli, od čega je 27 rezistentno na cefotaksim. Izolati su pokazali otpornost na amoksicilin, cefazolin, cefotaksim i cefriakson te osjetljivost na imipenem, meropenem, ertapenem i amikacin. U dvadeset šest izolata E. coli primjenom fenotipskih testova potvrđena je produkcija ESBLs-a. Rezistencije na cefotaksim prenesena je s osamnaest izolata na E. coli recipijent soj. PCR-om su utvrđeni bla CTX-M geni, koji pripadaju grupi 1, u dvadeset jednog izolata, od kojih je pet bilo pozitivno na bla CTX-M-15. Četrnaest izolata imalo je pozitivan test na bla TEM gene. Najčešća inkompatibilna grupa plazmida bila je IncFIB, a IncFIA i Inc HI1 zastupljeni su u nekoliko izolata. Identificirane su dvije različite klonske skupine, i to ST: ST117 i ST155. Pojava ESBL-producirajućih E. coli izolata u domaćih životinja opasnost je za javno zdravlje jer mogu izazvati kolonizaciju crijeva i posljedične infekcije u ljudi.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    假单胞菌的特点是其巨大的定殖能力不同的生态位,而且由于其耐药性和致病性,造成人类,动物,或植物病害。生的和未煮熟的食品是食源性疾病的潜在载体。这项研究的目的是确定假单胞菌属的发生。在生蔬菜中,分析他们的抗菌素耐药性,毒力,和分子分型。共有163个假单胞菌属。从145个分析样品中的77个(53.1%)中回收了分离株(12种不同的物种),并将其分类为139种不同的脉冲场凝胶电泳模式。低抗菌素耐药性水平,但是一个多重耐药的分离株,被发现了。在37个回收的铜绿假单胞菌菌株中,检测到28种序列类型和9种血清型。发现了11种OprD模式和一个插入序列(ISPa1635)截短了一种亚胺培南抗性菌株的oprD基因。观察到十种病毒型,包括4株exoU阳性菌株和31株exoS阳性菌株。在三个ST155菌株中不存在lasR基因,并且在其他三个菌株中被不同的插入序列(ISPre2,IS1411和ISPst7)截短。高生物膜,运动性,颜料,弹性蛋白酶,并检测到鼠李糖脂的产生。我们的研究表明铜绿假单胞菌的发生率低(18%)和低抗菌素耐药性,但是在这些铜绿假单胞菌菌株中具有大量的毒力相关性状,强调其病理重要性。
    Pseudomonas is characterized by its great capacity to colonize different ecological niches, but also by its antimicrobial resistance and pathogenicity, causing human, animal, or plant diseases. Raw and undercooked food is a potential carrier of foodborne disease. The aim of this study was to determine the occurrence of Pseudomonas spp. among raw vegetables, analysing their antimicrobial resistance, virulence, and molecular typing. A total of 163 Pseudomonas spp. isolates (12 different species) were recovered from 77 of the 145 analysed samples (53.1%) and were classified into 139 different pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns. Low antimicrobial resistance levels, but one multidrug-resistant isolate, were found. Among the 37 recovered P. aeruginosa strains, 28 sequence-types and nine serotypes were detected. Eleven OprD patterns and an insertion sequence (ISPa1635) truncating the oprD gene of one imipenem-resistant strain were found. Ten virulotypes were observed, including four exoU-positive and thirty-one exoS-positive strains. The lasR gene was absent in three ST155 strains and was truncated by different insertion sequences (ISPre2, IS1411, and ISPst7) in other three strains. High biofilm, motility, pigment, elastase, and rhamnolipid production were detected. Our study demonstrated a low occurrence of P. aeruginosa (18%) and low antimicrobial resistance, but a high number of virulence-related traits in these P. aeruginosa strains, highlighting their pathological importance.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    背景:李斯特菌(L.)单核细胞增生菌株在胁迫耐受性和毒力潜力方面表现出很高的多样性。基因组研究主要集中在主要与食物或人类李斯特菌病相关的特定序列类型(ST)。这项研究集中在流行的ST155上,显示出临床和食物分离株之间的分布相等。我们评估了20个ST155菌株的毒力潜力,并对从食物中分离的130个ST155菌株进行了比较基因组分析,不同国家和年份的食品加工环境和人类李斯特菌病病例。
    结果:使用人肠上皮Caco2和肝细胞HEPG2细胞的体外毒力测定显示,20个选定的ST155菌株中有6个毒力表型受损。基因组分析显示,来自同一来源类别的菌株没有明显的聚类(食物,食品加工环境,和临床分离株)。所有菌株都有完整的inlA和inlB基因座,除了四个菌株,inlA基因有一个内部缺失.所有菌株都含有LIPI-1,但prfA在六个菌株中以更长的变体存在,都表现出毒力受损。更长的PrfA变体导致inlA表达降低,inlb,和prfa,没有hly和acta的表情.关于应激相关基因含量,SSI-1在场,而qacH在所有菌株中均不存在。34.6%的菌株携带质粒。除一个ST155质粒外,所有质粒均显示出高保守性,并带有cadA2,bcrABC,和三苯甲烷还原酶.
    结论:这项研究有助于增强对单核细胞增生李斯特菌ST155菌株的了解,在人类的分离株中均匀分布,食物,和食品加工环境。当前遗传性状的保守性和缺乏独特的固有遗传特征使得这些类型的STs特别有趣,因为它们显然同样适应食品加工环境中的条件。以及食物中的人类宿主环境。然而,导致较长PrfA变体的ST155特异性突变损害了几种ST155菌株的毒力潜力。
    BACKGROUND: Listeria (L.) monocytogenes strains show a high diversity regarding stress tolerance and virulence potential. Genome studies have mainly focused on specific sequence types (STs) predominantly associated with either food or human listeriosis. This study focused on the prevalent ST155, showing equal distribution among clinical and food isolates. We evaluated the virulence potential of 20 ST155 strains and performed comparative genomic analysis of 130 ST155 strains isolated from food, food processing environments and human listeriosis cases in different countries and years.
    RESULTS: The in vitro virulence assays using human intestinal epithelial Caco2 and hepatocytic HEPG2 cells showed an impaired virulence phenotype for six of the 20 selected ST155 strains. Genome analysis revealed no distinct clustering of strains from the same source category (food, food processing environment, and clinical isolates). All strains harbored an intact inlA and inlB locus, except four strains, which had an internal deletion in the inlA gene. All strains harbored LIPI-1, but prfA was present in a longer variant in six strains, all showing impaired virulence. The longer PrfA variant resulted in lower expression of inlA, inlB, and prfA, and no expression of hly and actA. Regarding stress-related gene content, SSI-1 was present, whereas qacH was absent in all strains. 34.6% of the strains harbored a plasmid. All but one ST155 plasmids showed high conservation and harbored cadA2, bcrABC, and a triphenylmethane reductase.
    CONCLUSIONS: This study contributes to an enhanced understanding of L. monocytogenes ST155 strains, being equally distributed among isolates from humans, food, and food processing environments. The conservation of the present genetic traits and the absence of unique inherent genetic features makes these types of STs especially interesting since they are apparently equally adapted to the conditions in food processing environments, as well as in food as to the human host environment. However, a ST155-specific mutation resulting in a longer PrfA variant impaired the virulence potential of several ST155 strains.
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  • 文章类型: Journal Article
    鸡和珍珠鸡通常在冈比亚家庭饲养,作为负担得起的蛋白质来源。使用标准的微生物技术,我们从冈比亚农村的10只鸡和9只豚鼠中获得了68株盲肠大肠杆菌分离株。Illumina全基因组测序后,在分离物中检测到28种序列类型(其中4种是新的),其中ST155最常见(22/68,32%)。这些菌株跨越大肠杆菌八个主要系统群中的四个,系统群B1和A最普遍。近三分之一的分离株携带至少一种抗菌素抗性基因,虽然大多数ST155分离株(14/22,64%)对≥3类临床相关抗生素具有抗性,以及推定的毒力因子,提示人类的致病潜力。此外,分层聚类显示,几种冈比亚家禽菌株与人类分离株密切相关。尽管ST155谱系在非洲和南美的家禽中很常见,冈比亚ST155分离株属于一个独特的cgMLST簇,该簇包含来自撒哈拉以南非洲的家禽和家畜的密切相关(38-39个等位基因差异)的分离株-这表明在这种情况下,菌株可以在家禽和家畜之间交换.有必要继续监测撒哈拉以南非洲农村后院家禽中的大肠杆菌和其他潜在病原体。
    Chickens and guinea fowl are commonly reared in Gambian homes as affordable sources of protein. Using standard microbiological techniques, we obtained 68 caecal isolates of Escherichia coli from 10 chickens and 9 guinea fowl in rural Gambia. After Illumina whole-genome sequencing, 28 sequence types were detected in the isolates (4 of them novel), of which ST155 was the most common (22/68, 32 %). These strains span four of the eight main phylogroups of E. coli, with phylogroups B1 and A being most prevalent. Nearly a third of the isolates harboured at least one antimicrobial resistance gene, while most of the ST155 isolates (14/22, 64 %) encoded resistance to ≥3 classes of clinically relevant antibiotics, as well as putative virulence factors, suggesting pathogenic potential in humans. Furthermore, hierarchical clustering revealed that several Gambian poultry strains were closely related to isolates from humans. Although the ST155 lineage is common in poultry from Africa and South America, the Gambian ST155 isolates belong to a unique cgMLST cluster comprising closely related (38-39 alleles differences) isolates from poultry and livestock from sub-Saharan Africa - suggesting that strains can be exchanged between poultry and livestock in this setting. Continued surveillance of E. coli and other potential pathogens in rural backyard poultry from sub-Saharan Africa is warranted.
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