背景:目的探讨糖尿病肾病(DKD)患者血清视黄醇结合蛋白(RBP)和基质细胞衍生因子-1(SDF-1)与肾功能的相关性。
方法:纳入2017年10月至2020年10月收治的438例2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者,分为单纯T2DM组和DKD组。根据尿白蛋白与肌酐比值(UACR),DKD患者分为中度,严重,和肾病组。他们被分配到估计肾小球滤过率(eGFR)的以下类别之一:G1,G2,G3a,G3b,G4和G5阶段。分析RBP和SDF-1与肾功能的相关性。
结果:DKD组T2DM病程较长,RBP较高,尿酸(UA),血尿素氮(BUN),β2-微球蛋白(β2-MG),血清肌酐(Scr)水平和UACR,SDF-1水平和eGFR低于单纯T2DM组(p<0.05)。RBP和SDF-1识别DKD的受试者工作特征曲线下面积分别为0.903和0.868,最佳截止值分别为70.71mg/L和5.69ng/mL,分别。随着尿白蛋白和临床分期的增加,RBP,UA,BUN,β2-MG和Scr水平和UACR显著上升,而SDF-1水平和eGFR下降(p<0.05)。在DKD患者中,RBP与UACR呈正相关,UA,BUN,β2-MG,和Scr(r=0.764/0.787/0.693/0.577/0.801,p<0.0001),与eGFR呈负相关(r=-0.782,p<0.0001)。SDF-1与UACR呈负相关,UA,BUN,β2-MG和Scr(r=-0.744/-0.794/-0.666/-0.605/-0.820,p<0.0001),与eGFR呈正相关(r=0.767,p<0.0001)。多元线性回归方程为RBP=29.852+0.007xUACR+0.101xUA+0.497xBUN+0.034xScr-0.083xeGFR(p<0.001)。
结论:RBP和SDF-1可以识别T2DM患者的DKD,肾功能损害程度与RBP呈正相关,与SDF-1呈负相关。UA水平升高,BUN,Scr和UACR以及降低的eGFR是评估RBP的危险因素。
BACKGROUND: The aim is to investigate the correlations of serum retinol-binding protein (RBP) and stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) with renal function in patients with diabetic kidney disease (DKD).
METHODS: A total of 438 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) treated from October 2017 to October 2020 were enrolled in this prospective study and divided into simple T2DM and DKD groups. According to urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR), DKD patients were divided into moderate, severe, and nephrotic groups. They were assigned to one of the following categories of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR): G1, G2, G3a, G3b, G4, and G5 stages. The correlations of RBP and SDF-1 with renal function were analyzed.
RESULTS: The DKD group had a longer T2DM course and higher RBP, uric acid (UA), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), β2-microglobulin (β2-MG), serum creatinine (Scr) levels and UACR, and lower SDF-1 level and eGFR than those of simple T2DM group (p < 0.05). The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves of RBP and SDF-1 for identifying DKD were 0.903 and 0.868, and the optimal cutoff values were 70.71 mg/L and 5.69 ng/mL, respectively. With increasing urinary albumin and clinical stage, RBP, UA, BUN, β2-MG and Scr levels and UACR significantly rose, while SDF-1 level and eGFR declined (p < 0.05). In patients with DKD, RBP was correlated positively with UACR, UA, BUN, β2-MG, and Scr (r = 0.764/0.787/0.693/0.577/0.801, p < 0.0001), and negatively with eGFR (r = -0.782, p < 0.0001). SDF-1 was correlated negatively with UACR, UA, BUN, β2-MG and Scr (r = -0.744/-0.794/-0.666/-0.605/-0.820, p < 0.0001), and positively with eGFR (r = 0.767, p < 0.0001). The multiple linear regression equation was RBP = 29.852 + 0.007 x UACR + 0.101 x UA + 0.497 x BUN + 0.034 x Scr-0.083 x eGFR (p < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: RBP and SDF-1 can identify DKD in patients with T2DM, and the degree of renal function damage is correlated positively with RBP and negatively with SDF-1. Elevated levels of UA, BUN, Scr and UACR as well as reduced eGFR are risk factors for evaluating RBP.