■与美国和欧洲国家相比,日本的老龄化社会正在迅速发展。老龄化限制了老年人的日常生活活动(ADL),在家里降低他们的生活和功能。因此,改善他们的ADL以尽可能长时间有效地支持他们在家中的运作至关重要。因此,支持者需要有共同的理解,及时意识到ADL的下降,并迅速引入康复。功能独立性测量(FIM)和Barthel指数(BI)是用于定量评估ADL的主要量表。然而,以前的研究报告说,FIM需要专业知识来进行评估,并且BI不能适当地捕获ADL的变化。自我评估负担量表(SAB-M)被开发为家庭护理人员适当评估老年人ADL变化的量表。先前使用SAB-M的研究已经证实了其在住院患者中的可靠性和有效性,由其家庭护理人员评估。因此,本研究旨在调查由家庭照顾者评估的社区居住老年人SAB-M的信度和效度.
这项研究包括社区居住的老年人,他们在2020年10月至2020年12月在日本的第一作者的设施接受了家访康复。根据以前的研究,家庭护理人员使用SAB-M两次评估20名老年人的内部可靠性.此外,家庭护理人员使用SAB-M评估了168名老年人的内部一致性。对于标准有效性,SAB-M用于家庭护理人员的评估,和治疗师使用FIM电机(FIM-M)。这项研究使用加权卡帕,Cronbach的阿尔法,和Spearman的等级相关系数,用于评估员内部可靠性的统计分析,内部一致性,和标准有效性,分别。
■总分的加权卡帕系数为0.98(p<0.01),喂食为0.93(p<0.01),洗澡为0.91(p<0.01),敷料为0.98(p<0.01),转移为0.94(p<0.01),步行/轮椅为0.94(p<0.01),楼梯为0.95(p<0.01),膀胱管理为0.96(p<0.01)。克朗巴赫的七个项目的阿尔法为0.93。SAB-M和FIM-M评分的Spearman等级相关系数为0.91(p<0.01)。
■SAB-M在社区居住的老年人中具有足够的信度和效度。家庭护理人员可以使用SAB-M常规评估社区居住老年人的ADL变化,使他们能够在老年人ADL下降时及时考虑引入康复。因此,实施SAB-M有助于老年人尽可能长时间地在家生活和功能。
UNASSIGNED: The aging society in Japan is progressing rapidly compared with that in the United States and European countries. Aging limits activities of daily living (ADL) in older adults, declining their lives and functions at home. Therefore, improving their ADL to effectively support their functioning at home for as long as possible is vital. Consequently, supporters need to have a common understanding, be promptly aware of the decline in ADL, and quickly introduce rehabilitation. The Functional Independence Measure (FIM) and Barthel Index (BI) are the main scales used to quantitatively assess ADL. However, previous studies have reported that FIM requires specialized knowledge for evaluation, and BI does not appropriately capture changes in ADL. The Self-Assessment Burden Scale-Motor (SAB-M) was developed as a scale for family caregivers to appropriately assess changes in ADL in older adults. Previous studies using the SAB-M have confirmed its reliability and validity in hospitalized patients as assessed by their family caregivers. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the reliability and validity of the SAB-M among community-dwelling older adults as assessed by their family caregivers.
UNASSIGNED: This study included community-dwelling older adults who received home-visit rehabilitation at the first author\'s facility between October 2020 and December 2020 in Japan. Following previous studies, the SAB-M was used by family caregivers to assess 20 older adults twice for intra-rater reliability. Furthermore, 168 older adults were evaluated by family caregivers for internal consistency using the SAB-M. For criterion validity, the SAB-M was used for the assessment by family caregivers, and therapists used the FIM-Motor (FIM-M). This study used the weighted kappa, Cronbach\'s alpha, and Spearman\'s rank correlation coefficients for the statistical analysis of intra-rater reliability, internal consistency, and criterion validity, respectively.
UNASSIGNED: The weighted kappa coefficient for the total score was 0.98 (p < 0.01) and individual item, it was 0.93 for feeding (p < 0.01), 0.91 for bathing (p < 0.01), 0.98 for dressing (p < 0.01), 0.94 for transfer (p < 0.01), 0.94 for walking/wheelchair (p < 0.01), 0.95 for stairs (p < 0.01), and 0.96 for bladder management (p < 0.01). The Cronbach\'s alpha was 0.93 for the seven items. The Spearman\'s rank correlation coefficient between the SAB-M and FIM-M scores was 0.91 (p < 0.01).
UNASSIGNED: The SAB-M has sufficient reliability and validity among community-dwelling older adults. Family caregivers can routinely assess changes in the ADL of community-dwelling older adults using the SAB-M, enabling them to promptly consider introducing rehabilitation when older adults\' ADL declines. Therefore, implementing SAB-M helps older adults live and function at home for as long as possible.