UNASSIGNED: To explore the rehabilitation effect and compliance of lumbar and abdominal muscle rehabilitation training in patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (OVCF) after percutaneous balloon vertebroplasty (PKP).
UNASSIGNED: A total 177 elderly patients with OVCF were divided into rehabilitation group (n = 104) and control group (n = 73) according to whether they received psoas and abdominal muscle rehabilitation training for 3 months after PKP. The differences of general data, orthopaedic rehabilitation, prognosis and bone metabolism were compared between the two groups. All the patients were divided into compliance group (68 cases) and non-compliance group (36 cases) according to compliance. Orthopaedic rehabilitation indicators, prognostic indicators of PKP, and bone metabolism-related parameters were collected for analysis of Chi-square test and Logistic regression. ROC curve was used to analyze the predictive value of bone metabolism related indicators in the compliance of lumbar and abdominal muscle rehabilitation training.
UNASSIGNED: There was no significant difference in the general data between the rehabilitation training group and the control group (All p > 0.05). Compared with the control group, the Berg balance scale score was significantly increased, while the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score, Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) score and the proportion of new fractures were significantly decreased in the rehabilitation training group (All p < 0.05). Compared with the control group, the bone mineral density (BMD) T value, osteocalcin (OCN) and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25 (OH) D) levels were significantly increased and the levels of type I N-propeptide (P1NP) and β-isomerized C-terminal telopeptides (β-CTX) were significantly decreased in the rehabilitation training group compared with the control group (All p < 0.05). Chi-square test and Logistic regression analysis showed that age > 75 years, severe anxiety, severe pain and postoperative complications were significantly associated with the compliance of psoas and abdominal muscle rehabilitation training in patients with OVCF after PKP. ROC curve analysis showed that BMD T value, OCN, P1NP, β-CTX, or 25-OH-D levels predicted the AUC of rehabilitation training compliance in patients with OVCF after PKP were 0.821, 0.835, 0.736, 0.715, and 0.748, respectively.
UNASSIGNED: Rehabilitation training of lumbar and abdominal muscles can significantly improve the efficacy of PKP, reduce the degree of osteoporosis and improve the prognosis of patients with OVCF. Age, anxiety, pain and postoperative complications were independent risk factors affecting the compliance of psoas and abdominal rehabilitation training in patients with OVCF after PKP.

UNASSIGNED: The study aims to develop a finite element model of the pelvic floor and thighs of elderly men to quantitatively assess the impact of different pelvic floor muscle trainings and the urinary and defecation control ability.
UNASSIGNED: A finite element model of the pelvic floor and thighs of elderly men was constructed based on MRI and CT. Material properties of pelvic floor tissues were assigned through literature review, and the relative changes in waistline, retrovesical angle (RVA) and anorectad angulation (ARA) to quantitatively verify the effectiveness of the model. By changing the material properties of muscles, the study analyzed the muscle strengthening or impairment effects of the five types of rehabilitation training for four types of urination and defecation dysfunction. The changes in four outcome indicators, including the retrovesical angle, anorectad angulation, stress, and strain, were compared.
UNASSIGNED: This study indicates that ARA and RVA approached their normal ranges as material properties changed, indicating an enhancement in the urinary and defecation control ability, particularly through targeted exercises for the levator ani muscle, external anal sphincter, and pelvic floor muscles. This study also emphasizes the effectiveness of personalized rehabilitation programs including biofeedback, exercise training, electrical stimulation, magnetic stimulation, and vibration training and advocates for providing optimized rehabilitation training methods for elderly patients.
UNASSIGNED: Based on the results of computational biomechanics, this study provides foundational scientific insights and practical recommendations for rehabilitation training of the elderly\'s urinary and defecation control ability, thereby improving their quality of life. In addition, this study also provides new perspectives and potential applications of finite element analysis in elderly men, particularly in evaluating and designing targeted rehabilitation training.

UNASSIGNED: To address the application requirements of soft actuators in rehabilitation training gloves, and in combination with ergonomic requirements, we designed a segmented soft actuator with bending and elongation modules. This actuator can achieve independent or coupled movements of the finger joints.
UNASSIGNED: A finite element model of the joint actuator was established to compare the driving performance of actuators with different structural forms. Numerical calculations were used to analyze the effects of structural size parameters on the bending characteristics and end output force of the actuator. The design was then refined based on these analyses.
UNASSIGNED: The joint actuator designed in this study demonstrated a 71% increase in bending angle compared to the standard fast pneumatic network structure. Key factors affecting the driving performance include the thickness of the constraint layer, the inner wall thickness of the chamber, chamber height, chamber width, chamber spacing, chamber length, and the number of chambers. After improvements, the bending angle of the joint actuator increased by 60.6%, and the output force increased by 145.9%, indicating significant improvement.
UNASSIGNED: This study designed and improved a soft actuator for hand rehabilitation training, achieving independent and coupled joint movements. The bending angle, bending shape, and joint driving force of the soft actuator meet the requirements for finger rehabilitation training.

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to explore the application of cardiopulmonary exercise testing in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients, evaluate its impact on exercise ability and cardiopulmonary function in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD), and promote the application of cardiopulmonary exercise testing in CAD management.
METHODS: Fifty CHD patients after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were recruited and randomly enrolled into the control (Ctrl) group and intervention (Int) group. Routine health education and health education combined with RT training were carried out for the two groups. Blood lipid levels and lung function were compared between the two groups after intervention. Cardiac function was evaluated by Doppler ultrasonography, and cardiopulmonary fitness and exercise ability were evaluated by a cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET). The self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and self-rating depression scale (SDS) were employed to evaluate negative emotions. The 36-item short-form (SF-36) was adopted to evaluate quality of life.
RESULTS: Compared with those in the Ctrl group, the levels of serum total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TGs), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) decreased in the Int group, while the levels of high-density lipoprotein increased (P < 0.05). The quantitative load results showed that compared with the Ctrl group, the heart rate (HR) and self-perceived fatigue degree of the Int group decreased, and the ST segment increased (P < 0.05). Compared with the Ctrl group, the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), forced expiratory volume at 1 s (FEV1), ratio of forced expiratory volume to forced vital volume (FEV1/FVC%), and maximum chase volume (MVV) increased in the Int group, while the left ventricular end diastolic diameter and left ventricular end contractile diameter decreased (P < 0.05). The results of the CPET showed that compared with the Ctrl group, minute ventilation/carbon dioxide production slope, VE/VCO2 - Peak, anaerobic threshold (AT), peak oxygen pulse (VO2/HR peak), oxygen uptake efficiency platform (OUEP), increasing power exercise time (IPEt), HR recovery 1 min after exercise, peak load power (Watt peak), and value metabolic equivalent (Watt peak) increased in the Int group (P < 0.05). Compared with the Ctrl group, the SAS and SDS scores in the Int group decreased (P < 0.05). The results of the quality of life evaluation showed that compared with the Ctrl group, the score of the SF-36 dimensions increased in the Int group (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: RT training can reduce postoperative blood lipid and quantitative load levels in CAD patients and improve adverse mood. Furthermore, it can improve patients\' cardiopulmonary function, cardiopulmonary fitness, exercise ability, and quality of life.

BACKGROUND: Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) often suffer from a combination of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and a significant reduction in their quality of life. In the exercise programme of pulmonary rehabilitation (PR), pulmonary rehabilitation intervention is often carried out by enhancing respiratory function. Strong abdominal breathing is a kind of breathing method, through which the diaphragm can be exercised, thereby enhancing the deflection distance of the diaphragm during breathing and improving respiratory function. The inversion trainer can meet the different angles of head-down training and also has the characteristics of low cost, easy to operate, and use a wide range of scenarios. According to currently available data, strong abdominal breathing in combination with head-down position has not yet been used in pulmonary rehabilitation in this type of rehabilitation programme. It is valuable to use this device to study PR of cognitive function in patients with COPD.
METHODS: This study was a 12-week single-centre randomised controlled trial and blinding the assessors and data processors of the test. Recruitment is planned for January 1, 2024. It is expected that 81 patients with stable COPD combined with MCI will be recruited and randomly assigned to the head-down strong abdominal breathing group (HG), the fitness qigong eight-duanjin group (BDJ), and the control group (CG) in a 1:1:1 ratio. Using fNIRS (functional near-infrared spectroscopy) to assess brain oxygen availability before and after pulmonary rehabilitation in three periods: before, during and after the intervention. Cognitive functioning is also assessed using the Overall Cognitive Assessment Scale, the Specific Cognitive Functioning Assessment Scale and the Cognitive Behavioural Ability Test.
BACKGROUND: The Specialised Committee on Scientific Research and Academic Ethics of the Academic Committee of Anqing Normal University approved the project (ANU2023001). China Clinical Trial Registry approved the study (ChiCTR2300075400) with a registration date of 2023/09/04.
CONCLUSIONS: The aim of this study was to explore novel exercise rehabilitation methods to improve cognitive function in COPD patients. It results in a lower financial burden and higher participation in pulmonary rehabilitation and improves the quality of survival of patients with COPD.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to motor and sensory impairment below the site of injury, thereby necessitating rehabilitation. An enriched environment (EE) increases social interaction and locomotor activity in a mouse model, similar to human rehabilitation. However, the impact of EE on presynaptic plasticity in gene expression levels remains unclear. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the therapeutic potential of EE in an SCI mouse model. Mice with spinal cord contusion were divided into two groups: those housed in standard cages (control) and those in EE conditions (EE). Each group was housed separately for either 2- or 8-weeks post-injury, after which RNA sequencing was performed and compared to a sham group (receiving only a dorsal laminectomy). The synaptic vesicle cycle (SVC) pathway and related genes showed significant downregulation after SCI at both time points. Subsequently, we investigated whether exposure to EE for 2- and 8-weeks post-SCI could modulate the SVC pathway and its related genes. Notably, exposure to EE for 8 weeks resulted in a marked reversal effect of SVC-related gene expression, along with stimulation of axon regeneration and mitigation of locomotor activity loss. Thus, prolonged exposure to EE increased presynaptic activity, fostering axon regeneration and functional improvement by modulating the SVC in the SCI mouse model. These findings suggest that EE exposure proves effective in inducing activity-dependent plasticity, offering a promising therapeutic approach akin to rehabilitation training in patients with SCI.

Carbon monoxide (CO) is a gas that has no odor or color, making it difficult to detect until exposure leads to coma or death. CO poisoning is one of the most common and deadly poisonings around the world. CO poisoning is a common and often fatal form of poisoning worldwide. A toxic effect of CO is tissue hypoxia, which leads to systemic complications. Additionally, there may be severe neurological symptoms and delayed complications following CO poisoning. However, peripheral neuropathy is relatively rare after CO poisoning. Previously, only one case of unilateral plexopathy after CO poisoning, accompanied by rhabdomyolysis and cognitive dysfunction, has been reported. In this report, an isolated unilateral brachial plexopathy following CO intoxication is described. A key mechanism in this case may be CO-induced spinal cord ischemia. Immediate administration of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) is crucial to prevent peripheral neuropathy after acute CO intoxication. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) should be administered immediately after acute CO intoxication to prevent peripheral neuropathy. Additionally, peripheral neuropathy following acute CO intoxication may benefit from consistent rehabilitation training.

As a new means of rehabilitation, blood flow restriction training (BFRT) is widely used in the field of musculoskeletal rehabilitation. To observe whether BFRT can improve the efficacy of routine rehabilitation intervention in patients with chronic ankle instability (CAI). Twenty-three patients with CAI were randomly divided into a routine rehabilitation group (RR Group) and a routine rehabilitation ​+ ​blood flow restriction training group (RR ​+ ​BFRT Group) according to the Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool (CAIT) score. The RR Group was treated with routine rehabilitation means for intervention, and the RR ​+ ​BFRT Group was treated with a tourniquet to restrict lower limb blood flow for rehabilitation training based on routine training. Before and after the intervention, the CAIT score on the affected side, standing time on one leg with eyes closed, comprehensive scores of the Y-balance test, and surface electromyography data of tibialis anterior (TA) and peroneus longus (PL) were collected to evaluate the recovery of the subjects. Patients were followed up 1 year after the intervention. After 4 weeks of intervention, the RR ​+ ​BFRT Group CAIT score was significantly higher than the RR Group (19.33 VS 16.73, p ​< ​0.05), the time of standing on one leg with eyes closed and the comprehensive score of Y-balance were improved, but there was no statistical difference between groups (p ​> ​0.05). RR ​+ ​BFRT Group increased the muscle activation of the TA with maximum exertion of the ankle dorsal extensor (p ​< ​0.05) and had no significant change in the muscle activation of the PL with maximum exertion of the ankle valgus (p ​> ​0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of resprains within 1 year between the groups (36.36% VS 16.67%, p ​> ​0.05). The incidence of ankle pain in the RR ​+ ​BFRT Group was lower than that in the RR Group (63.64% VS 9.09%, p ​< ​0.01). Therefore, four-weeks BFRT improves the effect of the routine intervention, and BFRT-related interventions are recommended for CAI patients with severe ankle muscle mass impairment or severe pain.

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Existing statistical data indicates that an increasing number of people now require rehabilitation to restore compromised physical mobility. During the rehabilitation process, physical therapists evaluate and guide the movements of patients, aiding them in a more effective recovery of rehabilitation and preventing secondary injuries. However, the immutability of mobility and the expensive price of rehabilitation training hinder some patients from timely access to rehabilitation. Utilizing virtual reality for rehabilitation training might offer a potential alleviation to these issues. However, prevalent pose reconstruction algorithms in rehabilitation primarily rely on images, limiting their applicability to virtual reality. Furthermore, existing pose evaluation and correction methods in the field of rehabilitation focus on providing clinical metrics for doctors, and failed to offer patients efficient movement guidance. In this paper, a virtual reality-based rehabilitation training method is proposed. The sparse motion signals from virtual reality devices, specifically head-mounted displays hand controllers, is used to reconstruct full body poses. Subsequently, the reconstructed poses and the standard poses are fed into a natural language processing model, which contrasts the difference between the two poses and provides effective pose correction guidance in the form of natural language. Quantitative and qualitative results indicate that the proposed method can accurately reconstruct full body poses from sparse motion signals in real-time. By referencing standard poses, the model generates professional motion correction guidance text. This approach facilitates virtual reality-based rehabilitation training, reducing the cost of rehabilitation training and enhancing the efficiency of self-rehabilitation training.