目的:本研究旨在探讨老年人虚弱与社会关系之间的双向关联,同时区分人际关系和人际关系。
方法:在日本进行了一项针对社区居住老年人的前瞻性队列研究,共进行了6年的三波研究,每三年进行一次随访。随机截距交叉滞后面板模型用于探索脆弱与社会关系之间的时间关联。
结果:520名参与者的数据(平均年龄73.02[SD6.38]岁,56.7%的女性)进行了分析。在个人中,虚弱与社会关系相关(β=-0.514,p<0.001)。在人际关系层面,在T1时,虚弱与社会关系分别相关(β=-0.389,p<0.01),T2(β=-0.343,p<0.001)和T3(β=-0.273,p<0.05)。此外,社会关系与所有测量波中虚弱症状的随后增加相关(β=-0.332,p<0.001;β=-0.169,p<0.01),反之亦然(β=-0.149,p<0.05;β=-0.292,p<0.001).
结论:结果表明,虚弱与较低水平的社会关系有关。脆弱的改善计划可以与干预措施相结合,以增强社会关系,这将有利于防止虚弱。结果强调了将虚弱的临床治疗与干预措施相结合以改善社会关系的重要性。
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to explore the bidirectional association between frailty and social relationships in older adults while distinguishing between interpersonal and intrapersonal effects.
METHODS: A prospective cohort study of community-dwelling older adults was conducted in Japan in three waves spanning six years with follow-ups in every three years. Random intercept cross-lagged panel model was used to explore temporal associations between frailty and social relationships.
RESULTS: Data for 520 participants (mean age 73.02 [SD 6.38] years, 56.7% women) were analyzed. Across individuals, frailty was associated with social relationships (β = -0.514, p < 0.001). At the interpersonal level, frailty was cross-sectionally associated with social relationships separately at T1(β = -0.389, p < 0.01), T2 (β = -0.343, p < 0.001) and T3 (β = -0.273, p < 0.05). Moreover, social relationships were associated with subsequent increases in symptoms of frailty in all measurement waves (β = -0.332, p < 0.001; β = -0.169, p < 0.01) and vice versa (β = -0.149, p < 0.05; β = -0.292, p < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that frailty was associated with lower levels of social relationships. Frailty improvement programs can be combined with interventions to enhance social relationships, which will be beneficial in preventing frailty. The results emphasize the importance of combining clinical treatments of frailty with interventions to improve social relationships.