背景:许多年轻夫妇计划分担有偿工作,托儿服务,家务劳动彼此平等。但是实施这样的50/50分割模式是困难的,父母通常在孩子出生后回到传统的性别角色分配。这种回归对心理健康有潜在的负面影响,身体健康,和关系满意度。因此,这项研究旨在在行为层面上找到可行的策略,新父母可以在日常生活中应用这些策略,以成功实施50/50分割模型。
方法:这项定性研究,DREAMTALK,是多方法的一部分,德累斯顿父母教养的前瞻性研究,工作,心理健康(DREAM)对于DREAMTALK来说,N=25名实施50/50分割模型的父母是根据关于时间使用的定量数据选择的,参与者在问卷中提供了哪些信息。在DREAMTALK,我们在产后17个月对所选择的样本进行了以问题为中心的访谈.这些都是通过定性内容分析进行分析的,这是系统的,规则指导,并基于效度和信度的标准。
结果:定性内容分析揭示了38种可行的日常管理策略的目录,这可以帮助父母成功实施50/50分割模式。个体参与者平均使用23种成功策略。例子包括与另一位家长定期进行协调任命,前瞻性地规划,灵活性,减少清洁,优化路线,或适度的分班育儿。其中一些策略似乎是相反的,例如,前瞻性地规划,同时,灵活地满足不可预测的变化。那些看似对立的策略被参与者平衡得很好,这是一个额外的策略。
结论:父母可以相对独立于外部环境使用成功策略。这种行为观点扩展了先前的理论,重点是用外部环境解释不平等的性别角色分布。行为观点可以成为帮助更多父母率先实施50/50分割模式的门户,这反过来可能会导致更健康,更满意的公众人口。
BACKGROUND: Many young couples are planning to share paid work, childcare, and housework equally between each other. But implementing such a 50/50-split-model is difficult and parents often return to traditional gender role distributions after the birth of a child. This return has potential negative effects on mental health, physical health, and relationship satisfaction. Therefore, this study aims to find practicable strategies on a behavioral-level which new parents can apply in their daily routine to successfully implement the 50/50-split-model if they wish to do so.
METHODS: This qualitative study, DREAMTALK, is part of the multi-method, prospective Dresden Study on Parenting, Work, and Mental Health (DREAM). For DREAMTALK, N = 25 parents implementing a 50/50-split-model were selected based on quantitative data regarding time use, which participants had provided in questionnaires. In DREAMTALK, problem-centered interviews were conducted with the selected sample at 17 months postpartum. Those were analyzed via qualitative content analysis, which is systematic, rule-guided, and based on the criteria of validity and reliability.
RESULTS: The qualitative content analysis revealed a catalog of 38 practicable strategies to manage daily routine, which can help parents to successfully implement a 50/50-split-model. Individual participants used 23 success strategies on average. Examples include having a regular coordination appointment with the other parent, planning foresightedly, flexibility, reducing cleaning, optimization of routes, or moderate split-shift parenting. Some of these strategies seem opposing, e.g., planning foresightedly, and at the same time, meeting unpredicted changes with flexibility. Those seemingly opposing strategies were well balanced by the participants, which was an additional strategy.
CONCLUSIONS: Parents can use the success strategies relatively independently of external circumstances. This behavioral perspective extends prior theories, which have focused on explaining unequal gender role distributions with external circumstances. A behavioral perspective can be a gateway to assist more parents to pioneer in implementing the 50/50-split-model, which might in turn lead to a healthier and more satisfied public population.