■使用人类死后组织和正电子发射断层扫描(PET)成像的研究表明,在精神病患者中,α7烟碱乙酰胆碱受体(α7-nAChR)的海马利用率较低,特别是精神分裂症或分裂情感障碍(非情感精神病)。如果进一步验证,这一发现可能对临床诊断和治疗产生影响.
■为了测试与健康对照个体相比,新近发病的精神病患者海马中α7-nAChR的可用性较低,以及其与新近发病的精神病中认知表现较低或精神病症状负担较高的关联。
■在这项横断面研究中,没有精神病史的健康个体和第一次精神病发作10年内的患者从巴尔的摩招募,马里兰,和华盛顿,DC,区域。氟18标记的ASEM([18F]ASEM)PET数据来自2014年3月1日至2023年7月31日之间的学术研究机构。2014年3月1日至2018年1月31日之间的数据(n=26),作为一项试点研究发表,并与2019年1月1日至2023年7月31日之间获得的新数据相结合(n=33)。
■测量α7-nAChR可用性的区域[18F]ASEM总分销量(VT),全球认知综合得分,阳性症状评定量表和阴性症状评定量表的总分。
■共有59名参与者(30名女性[51%];平均[SD]年龄,25.5[5.2]年),包括35名近期发作的精神病患者和24名健康对照者,完成研究。在年龄调整分析中,在近期发作的精神病患者中发现海马[18F]ASEMVT(平均[SE],17.87[0.60])与健康对照组(平均值[SE],19.82[0.73])(P=.04)。此外,非情感性精神病患者的[18F]ASEMVT较低(平均[SE],16.30[0.83])与健康对照组(P=.006)或情感性精神病患者(平均值[SE],19.34[0.80])(P=.03)。在最近发作的精神病和控制年龄后,较低的海马[18F]ASEMVT与更多的阳性症状相关(r=-0.44;P=0.009),但与阴性症状无关,较高的海马VT与较好的整体认知综合评分相关(r=0.38;P=0.03)。
■在这项对近期发作的精神病患者与健康对照者进行的横断面研究中,在近期发作的精神病中发现较低的海马α7-nAChR可用性,在非情感性精神病和情感性精神病患者中,其可用性较低。有必要进一步研究α7-nAChR的低可用性与新发精神病之间的关联,以告知与这些发现相关的诊断或治疗策略。
UNASSIGNED: Studies using human postmortem tissue and imaging with positron emission tomography (PET) support a low hippocampal availability of the α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7-nAChR) in psychotic conditions, particularly in schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder (nonaffective psychosis). If validated further, the finding may have implications for clinical diagnosis and treatment.
UNASSIGNED: To test for lower availability of the α7-nAChR in the hippocampus of individuals with recent-onset psychosis compared with healthy control individuals and its association with lower cognitive performance or higher psychotic symptom burden within recent-onset psychosis.
UNASSIGNED: In this cross-sectional study, healthy individuals without history of psychosis and patients within 10 years of a first onset of psychotic disorder were recruited from the greater Baltimore, Maryland, and Washington, DC, area. Fluorine 18-labeled ASEM ([18F] ASEM) PET data were acquired from participants enrolled between March 1, 2014, and July 31, 2023, from an academic research institution. Data acquired between March 1, 2014, and January 31, 2018 (n = 26), were published as a pilot study and were combined with new data acquired between January 1, 2019, and July 31, 2023 (n = 33).
UNASSIGNED: Regional [18F]ASEM total distribution volume (VT) that measures α7-nAChR availability, global cognition composite score, and total scores on the Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms and the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms.
UNASSIGNED: A total of 59 participants (30 women [51%]; mean [SD] age, 25.5 [5.2] years), including 35 with recent-onset psychosis and 24 healthy controls, completed the study. In age-adjusted analyses, lower hippocampal [18F]ASEM VT was found in individuals with recent-onset psychosis (mean [SE], 17.87 [0.60]) compared with healthy controls (mean [SE], 19.82 [0.73]) (P = .04). In addition, [18F]ASEM VT was lower in individuals with nonaffective psychosis (mean [SE], 16.30 [0.83]) compared with healthy controls (P = .006) or those with affective psychosis (mean [SE], 19.34 [0.80]) (P = .03). Across recent-onset psychosis and after controlling for age, lower hippocampal [18F]ASEM VT was associated with more positive (r = -0.44; P = .009) but not negative symptoms, and higher hippocampal VT was associated with better global cognition composite score (r = 0.38; P = .03).
UNASSIGNED: In this cross-sectional study of individuals with recent-onset psychosis compared with healthy controls, a lower hippocampal α7-nAChR availability was found in recent-onset psychosis, and its availability was lower in those with nonaffective vs affective psychosis. Further study of the association between low availability of the α7-nAChR and recent-onset psychosis is warranted toward informing diagnostic or therapeutic strategies related to these findings.