顺铂是用于治疗各种类型癌症的抗肿瘤药物。它的副作用是耳毒性,这可能会导致双边和不可逆转的听力损失。在儿科人群中的耳毒性效应具有更大的影响,因为它损害了语言习得。发现具有耳保护作用的药物及其最佳给药方式已成为最大程度地减少顺铂对听觉功能影响的重大挑战。目的是了解耳保护药物及其在儿童顺铂引起的耳毒性的预防性治疗中的相关性。通过咨询数据库进行了综合审查,包括PubMed,Bireme,MedLine,LILACS,SciELO,和ClinicalTrials.gov.通过交叉描述符(DeCS和MeSH)和自由项进行搜索策略。研究发表在英文,西班牙语,葡萄牙人被选中,没有出版年份限制。随后,根据纳入和排除标准选择文章.在PubMed中总共发现了736篇文章,431在Bireme,425inMedLine,6在LILACS中,0inSciELO,和4在ClinicalTrials.gov.经过文档分析,选择12篇文章进行全面分析。发现了8种与顺铂一起使用时具有潜在耳保护作用的物质的证据,这往往会减少顺铂对听觉功能的影响。发现的物质是:氨磷汀,地塞米松,金雀异黄素,银杏,番茄红素,N-乙酰半胱氨酸,虎杖苷还有硫代硫酸钠。总的来说,这些药物在应用之前,during,或输注顺铂后,根据所选择的药物,通过静脉注射,口服,或者透平注射,作为抗氧化疗法。这些物质的生化作用与其潜在的耳保护特性有关,包括氧自由基和亲电铂物种的失活。使用这些物质可以减少耳毒性,减少顺铂引起的听力损失,改善生活的舒适性,尤其是对儿童。
Cisplatin is an antineoplastic medicine used in the treatment for various types of cancer. Among its side effects is ototoxicity, which may result in a bilateral and irreversible hearing loss. The ototoxic effect in the pediatric population has a bigger impact as it compromises language acquisition. The discovery of drugs with otoprotective effects and the optimal way to administer them have become significant challenges in minimizing the impact of cisplatin regarding auditory function. The objective was to understand otoprotective drugs and their relevance in the preventive treatment to cisplatin-induced ototoxicity in childhood. An integrative review was conducted by consulting databases including PubMed, Bireme, MedLine, LILACS, SciELO, and ClinicalTrials.gov. The search strategy was performed by crossing descriptors (DeCS and MeSH) and free terms. Studies published in English, Spanish, and Portuguese were selected, with no publication year restrictions. Subsequently, articles were selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. A total of 736 articles were found in PubMed, 431 in Bireme, 425 in MedLine, 6 in LILACS, 0 in SciELO, and 4 in ClinicalTrials.gov. After document analysis, 12 articles were selected for full analysis. Evidence was found for 8 substances with potential otoprotective effects when used with cisplatin, which tend to minimize the impact of cisplatin regarding auditory function. The substances found were: Amifostine, Dexamethasone, Genistein, Ginkgo Biloba, Lycopene, N-acetylcysteine, Polydatin also Sodium Thiosulfate. In general, these drugs are applied before, during, or after cisplatin infusion, depending on the chosen drug, via intravenous, oral, or transtympanic injections, acting as antioxidant therapy. The biochemical effects of these substances are relevant to their potential otoprotective properties, including the inactivation of oxygen free radicals and electrophilic platinum species. The use of these substances can reduce ototoxicity, decreasing cisplatin-induced hearing loss and improving the confort of life, especially for children.