背景:应对HIV感染仍然是西班牙国家卫生系统的主要目标。紧急服务在减少错过的诊断机会方面发挥着至关重要的作用。据估计,三分之一的这样的机会发生在这里。这项研究的目的是研究新诊断的艾滋病毒病例的地理分布,在马德里市中心的一家医院里。
方法:这是一个观察性的,描述性,描述性回顾性研究评估马德里社区三级大学医院护理区新诊断HIV的地理分布。
结果:分析了2018年至2020年间有新诊断为HIV感染的三百八十七个人,大多数是年轻人,平均年龄为36±9岁。86%是同性恋,双性恋和其他与男性发生性关系的男性和48.6%是移民。15.3%的CD4<200个细胞/mm3,9.5%的人患有AIDS定义的疾病。32.7%和5.1%的RNA-HIV-1>100,000拷贝/mL和>500,000拷贝/mL,分别,高达13.7%的受试者在诊断时出现抗性突变。地理上,51.4%的人来自4个健康中心,超过70%的新诊断包括在9个健康中心。
结论:更好地了解健康地区新诊断的艾滋病毒的地理分布,使我们能够确定传播风险较高的地区,从而指导和实施预防,早期诊断,和治疗措施。
BACKGROUND: Countering HIV infection remains a primary objective of the Spanish National Health System. Emergency services play a crucial role in reducing missed diagnostic opportunities, with estimates suggesting that one in 3 such opportunities occur here. The aim of the study is to examine the geographical dispersion of newly diagnosed HIV cases, within a downtown Madrid hospital.
METHODS: This is an observational, descriptive, retrospective study evaluating the geographical distribution of new HIV diagnoses in the care area of a tertiary University Hospital in the Community of Madrid.
RESULTS: Three hundred and eighty-seven individuals with a new diagnosis of HIV infection between 2018 and 2020 were analysed, the majority being young people with an average age of 36±9 years. 86% were gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men and 48.6% were immigrants. 15.3% presented with CD4+<200cells/mm3 and 9.5% with an AIDS-defining illness. 32.7% and 5.1% had an RNA-HIV-1>100,000copies/mL and >500,000copies/mL, respectively, with up to 13.7% of subjects presenting resistance mutations at diagnosis. Geographically, 51.4% of individuals came from 4 Health Centres and more than 70% of the new diagnoses were included in nine Health Centres.
CONCLUSIONS: Better understanding the geographical distribution of new HIV diagnoses by health areas allows us to identify areas of higher transmission risk, thereby directing and implementing prevention, early diagnosis, and treatment measures.