自第一个多能干细胞(PSC)以来已经过去了40年,小鼠胚胎干细胞(ESC),已建立。从那以后,已经报道了几种PSC,包括1998年的人类ESC,2007年的小鼠表皮干细胞(EpiSCs),2006年和2007年的诱导PSC(iPSCs)以及2014年的首次人类PSC。幼稚PSC被认为对应于植入前的表皮母细胞,而常规(或引发的)人PSC对应于植入后的成表皮细胞。因此,幼稚和启动的PSC按其发育阶段分类,并具有阶段特异性特征,尽管共享多能性的共同特征。在这次审查中,我们讨论了PSC的现状及其在人类着床周围发育模型中的应用。
Forty years have passed since the first pluripotent stem cells (PSCs), mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs), were established. Since then, several PSCs have been reported, including human ESCs in 1998, mouse epiblast stem cells (EpiSCs) in 2007, induced PSCs (iPSCs) in 2006 and 2007, and naïve human PSCs in 2014. Naïve PSCs are thought to correspond to pre-implantation epiblast cells, whereas conventional (or primed) human PSCs correspond to post-implantation epiblast cells. Thus, naïve and primed PSCs are classified by their developmental stages and have stage-specific characteristics, despite sharing the common feature of pluripotency. In this review, we discuss the current status of PSCs and their use to model human peri-implantation development.