■注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)是一种影响注意力和行为的心理健康障碍。多动症患者经常在社交互动中遇到挑战,面对问题,比如社会排斥和人际关系的困难,由于他们的疏忽,冲动,和多动症。
■国家青年纵向调查(NLSY)数据库用于识别ADHD症状的模式。NLSY研究中1986年至2014年间女性所生的孩子也被包括在内。NLSY1979队列中共有1,847名儿童,他们在四岁时计算出多动/注意力不集中的得分,因此符合这项研究的条件。使用轨迹建模方法来评估轨迹类别。性,基线反社会得分,基线焦虑评分,并调整基线抑郁评分以构建轨迹模型。我们使用逐步多变量逻辑回归模型来选择识别轨迹的风险因素。
■轨迹分析确定了多动症的六个类别,包括(1)无标志类,(2)自从幼儿园是坚持班以来,几乎没有迹象,(3)在学龄前很少有迹象,但后来没有迹象,(4)在小学课堂上放大的学龄前标志很少,(5)学龄前儿童很少出现减少晚班的迹象,和(6)许多迹象,因为学龄前是坚持类。敏感性分析得出了类似的轨迹模式,除了自学龄前以来的一些迹象放大了后来的课程。儿童种族,母乳喂养状况,任性得分,不成熟的依赖分数,同伴冲突得分,母亲的教育水平,基线反社会得分,基线焦虑/抑郁评分,在儿童出生前12个月的吸烟状况被发现是ADHD轨迹分类中的危险因素。
■当前研究中获得的轨迹分类结果可以(a)帮助研究人员评估最能降低ADHD症状的长期影响的干预措施(或干预措施的组合)和(b)允许临床医生更好地评估患有ADHD的儿童属于哪个类别,以便可以采用适当的干预措施。
UNASSIGNED: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a mental health disorder that affects attention and behavior. People with ADHD frequently encounter challenges in social interactions, facing issues, like social rejection and difficulties in interpersonal relationships, due to their inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity.
UNASSIGNED: A National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY) database was employed to identify patterns of ADHD symptoms. The children who were born to women in the NLSY study between 1986 and 2014 were included. A total of 1,847 children in the NLSY 1979 cohort whose hyperactivity/inattention score was calculated when they were four years old were eligible for this study. A trajectory modeling method was used to evaluate the trajectory classes. Sex, baseline antisocial score, baseline anxiety score, and baseline depression score were adjusted to build the trajectory model. We used stepwise multivariate logistic regression models to select the risk factors for the identified trajectories.
UNASSIGNED: The trajectory analysis identified six classes for ADHD, including (1) no sign class, (2) few signs since
preschool being persistent class, (3) few signs in
preschool but no signs later class, (4) few signs in
preschool that magnified in elementary school class, (5) few signs in
preschool that diminished later class, and (6) many signs since
preschool being persistent class. The sensitivity analysis resulted in a similar trajectory pattern, except for the few signs since
preschool that magnified later class. Children\'s race, breastfeeding status, headstrong score, immature dependent score, peer conflict score, educational level of the mother, baseline antisocial score, baseline anxious/depressed score, and smoking status 12 months prior to the birth of the child were found to be risk factors in the ADHD trajectory classes.
UNASSIGNED: The trajectory classes findings obtained in the current study can (a) assist a researcher in evaluating an intervention (or combination of interventions) that best decreases the long-term impact of ADHD symptoms and (b) allow clinicians to better assess as to which class a child with ADHD belongs so that appropriate intervention can be employed.