背景:五种猪兰蘑菇,也就是大黄鱼,灵芝,G.resinaceum,G.sinense和Trametesversicolor,在中国通常用于治疗失眠。然而,它们在此应用中的活性成分尚未完全理解,限制了他们的普遍认可。
目的:在本研究中,我们的目的是确定这五个Polyporales蘑菇共有的镇静催眠化合物。
方法:基于UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS的非靶向代谢组学,包括OPLS-DA(潜在结构判别分析的正交投影)和OPLS(潜在结构的正交投影)分析以及小鼠分析,用于鉴定五种Polyporales蘑菇共有的主要镇静催眠化合物。使用戊巴比妥钠诱导的睡眠模型来研究五种蘑菇及其镇静催眠化合物的镇静催眠作用。
结果:在五种蘑菇中鉴定出92种共有化合物。小鼠实验表明,这些蘑菇具有镇静催眠作用,不同的效力。六个三萜[四个灵芝酸(B,C1,F和H)和两种甲肾上腺素酸(A和D)]被发现是五种蘑菇共有的主要镇静催眠化合物。
结论:我们首次发现这六种三萜有助于五种蘑菇的镇静催眠能力。我们的新发现为使用五种药用蘑菇治疗失眠提供了药理和化学依据。
BACKGROUND: Five
Polyporales mushrooms, namely Amauroderma rugosum, Ganoderma lucidum, G. resinaceum, G. sinense and Trametes versicolor, are commonly used in China for managing insomnia. However, their active components for this application are not fully understood, restricting their universal recognition.
OBJECTIVE: In this study, we aimed to identify sedative-hypnotic compounds shared by these five
Polyporales mushrooms.
METHODS: A UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS-based untargeted metabolomics, including OPLS-DA (orthogonal projection of potential structure discriminant analysis) and OPLS (orthogonal projections to latent structures) analysis together with mouse assays, were used to identify the main sedative-hypnotic compounds shared by the five
Polyporales mushrooms. A pentobarbital sodium-induced sleeping model was used to investigate the sedative-hypnotic effects of the five mushrooms and their sedative-hypnotic compounds.
RESULTS: Ninety-two shared compounds in the five mushrooms were identified. Mouse assays showed that these mushrooms exerted sedative-hypnotic effects, with different potencies. Six triterpenes [four ganoderic acids (B, C1, F and H) and two ganoderenic acids (A and D)] were found to be the main sedative-hypnotic compounds shared by the five mushrooms.
CONCLUSIONS: We for the first time found that these six triterpenes contribute to the sedative-hypnotic ability of the five mushrooms. Our novel findings provide pharmacological and chemical justifications for the use of the five medicinal mushrooms in managing insomnia.