背景:先前的研究报道了关于儿童游泳对呼吸道过敏症状的影响的相互矛盾的结果。我们调查了学龄儿童游泳与呼吸道过敏症状之间的关系。
方法:向Omihachiman市所有6853名公立学校学生(6-14岁)的父母分发了一份关于小学生参加体育俱乐部活动和呼吸道过敏症状的问卷,滋贺,日本。采用多因素logistic回归分析参与体育俱乐部活动与呼吸道过敏症状患病率的关系。
结果:对4991名学童进行了问卷调查(应答率:72.8%)。Logistic回归分析显示游泳与鼻炎之间存在显著正相关(42.9%vs.38.9%;调整后的赔率比,1.26;95%置信区间,1.10-1.44),游泳和花粉症(32.1%vs.28.1%;调整后的赔率比,1.28;95%置信区间,1.11-1.47)。参加游泳活动的持续时间也与鼻炎和花粉症的患病率呈显着正相关。参加游泳活动6年或以上的人表现出明显较高的鼻炎和花粉症患病率(46.3%和36.4%,分别)比没有游泳活动的人(38.9%和28.1%,分别)和参加游泳活动5年或以下的人(40.1%和28.5%,分别)。
结论:游泳与学龄儿童鼻炎和花粉症的患病率相关,特别是参加游泳活动6年或以上的人。应建议对这些儿童采取鼻炎和花粉症的预防措施和早期干预措施。
BACKGROUND: Previous studies have reported conflicting results regarding the effects of childhood swimming on respiratory allergic symptoms. We investigated the relationship between swimming and respiratory allergic symptoms in schoolchildren.
METHODS: A questionnaire regarding participation in sports club activities and respiratory allergic symptoms in schoolchildren was distributed to the parents of all 6853 public school students (aged 6-14 years) in Omihachiman City, Shiga, Japan. The relationships between participation in sports club activities and the prevalence of respiratory allergic symptoms were analyzed by multivariable logistic regression analyses.
RESULTS: Questionnaires were returned for 4991 schoolchildren (response rate: 72.8%). Logistic regression analysis revealed significant positive associations between swimming and rhinitis (42.9% vs. 38.9%; adjusted odds ratio, 1.26; 95% confidence interval, 1.10-1.44), and swimming and
pollinosis (32.1% vs. 28.1%; adjusted odds ratio, 1.28; 95% confidence interval, 1.11-1.47). The duration of participation in swimming activities was also significantly positively associated with the prevalence of rhinitis and
pollinosis. Those who had participated in swimming activities for 6 years or more showed significantly higher prevalences of rhinitis and
pollinosis (46.3% and 36.4%, respectively) than those without swimming activities (38.9% and 28.1%, respectively) and those who had participated in swimming activities for 5 years or less (40.1% and 28.5%, respectively).
CONCLUSIONS: Swimming was associated with the prevalence of rhinitis and
pollinosis in schoolchildren, especially among those who had participated in swimming activities for 6 years or more. Preventive measures and early interventions for rhinitis and
pollinosis should be recommended to these children.