■腹泻是一种影响全球数百万人的普遍疾病。然而,目前的标准诊断方法有许多缺点。这篇综述研究了各种非侵入性护理点(POC)测试和生物标志物,以帮助快速诊断不同原因的腹泻。
■PubMed,PubMedCentral,ScienceDirect,科克伦图书馆,和谷歌学者从2013年开始搜索到目前的相关文献。两名审稿人使用关键评估技能计划(CASP)清单独立评估了研究的质量。
■搜索产生了1453项研究,其中39项纳入筛查和应用资格标准后.聚合酶链反应(PCR)是25项研究中的POC测试,提供一致的灵敏度和特异性。对于生物标志物,C反应蛋白(CRP),粪便钙卫蛋白,降钙素原对急性小儿腹泻等疾病具有很高的敏感性和特异性,显微镜下结肠炎,和炎症性腹泻,分别。
■PCR证明了快速诊断腹泻的理想POC测试,而降钙素原生物标志物有助于区分炎症性和非炎症性腹泻。其他经过审查的工具也证明了有希望的诊断性能,虽然灵敏度提高了,特异性,和可用性仍然需要。
UNASSIGNED: Diarrhea is a prevalent condition affecting millions worldwide. However, current standard diagnostic methods have many drawbacks. This review examines various non-invasive point-of-care (POC) tests and biomarkers aiding rapid diagnosis of diarrhea from different causes.
UNASSIGNED: PubMed, PubMed Central, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar were searched from 2013 to present for relevant literature. Two reviewers independently assessed included studies\' quality using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) checklist.
UNASSIGNED: The search yielded 1453 studies, of which 39 were included after screening and applying eligibility criteria. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was the POC test in 25 studies, providing consistent sensitivity and specificity. For biomarkers, C-reactive protein (CRP), fecal calprotectin, and procalcitonin offered high sensitivity and specificity for conditions like acute pediatric diarrhea, microscopic colitis, and inflammatory diarrhea, respectively.
UNASSIGNED: PCR proved the ideal POC test for rapid diarrhea diagnosis, while the procalcitonin biomarker helps differentiate inflammatory from non-inflammatory diarrhea. Other reviewed tools also demonstrated promising diagnostic performance, though improvements in sensitivity, specificity, and usability are still needed.