间作系统可以提高土壤肥力和健康,然而,土壤微生物群落和与碳相关的功能基因,目前还没有研究豆科和紫苏间作系统下的氮磷循环。因此,在本研究中,不同种植密度和品种的紫苏(L.)布里特和猕猴桃被用于间作,土壤微生物群落和碳的变化,氮,利用宏基因组测序技术研究了在间作条件下猕猴桃根际的磷循环基因。结果表明,套种与Perill导致大部分土壤养分减少,土壤酶活性,对微生物(细菌和真菌)多样性有显著影响。间作使优势细菌门“变形杆菌”和“放线菌”的相对丰度分别增加了47%和57%,分别,但优势真菌门“Chordata”和“Streptophyta”的相对丰度降低了11%和20%,分别,在猕猴桃的根际土壤中,对微生物(细菌和真菌)多样性有显著影响。此外,间作可以大大提高根际土壤碳固存(PccA,korA/B/C/D,fhs,和rbcl/s),碳降解(abfD),有机氮矿化(GDH2),反硝化(napA/B,nirB,norB),有机磷矿化(phop,phn),和无机磷溶解(gcd,ppk)基因丰度。基因共现网络表明土壤korB,nirB,和gnd碳的关键功能基因,氮,猕猴桃根际土壤中的磷循环及其表达在间作组中上调。结构方程(SEM)进一步表明,土壤全氮,有机物,总碳和酸性磷酸酶对微生物多样性(p<0.05)和土壤碳循环基因korB和磷循环基因purH(p<0.001)有显著影响,korB和purH对猕猴桃品质有积极影响。总之,猕猴桃果园中的紫苏间作改变了猕猴桃根际土壤中细菌和真菌群落的结构,但我相信间作紫苏会刺激碳降解,导致碳排放和土壤养分严重流失,长期间作可能会对猕猴桃的品质产生不利影响,因此,它的局限性应该在未来的研究中注意到。
Intercropping systems can improve soil fertility and health, however, soil microbial communities and functional genes related to carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus cycling under the intercropping system of mesquite and
perilla have not been studied. Therefore, in the present study, different planting densities and varieties of
Perilla frutescens (L.) Britt and kiwifruit were used for intercropping, and changes in soil microbial communities and carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus cycling genes in kiwifruit inter-roots under inter-cropping conditions were investigated by macro-genome sequencing technology. The results showed that intercropping with Perill caused a decrease in most soil nutrients, soil enzyme activities, and had a significant impact on the microbial (bacteria and fungi) diversity. Inter-cropping increased the relative abundance of the dominant bacterial phylum \"Proteobacteria\" and \"Actinobacteria\" by 47 and 57%, respectively, but decreased the relative abundance of the dominant fungal phylum \"Chordata\" and \"Streptophyta\" by 11 and 20%, respectively, in the inter-root soil of kiwifruit, and had a significant impact on the microbial (bacteria and fungi) diversity. In addition, inter-cropping could greatly increase the inter-root soil carbon sequestration (PccA, korA/B/C/D, fhs, and rbcl/s), carbon degradation (abfD), organic nitrogen mineralization (GDH2), denitrification (napA/B, nirB, norB), organic phosphorus mineralization (phop, phn), and inorganic phosphorus solubilization (gcd, ppk) gene abundance. The gene co-occurrence network indicated that soil korB, nirB, and gnd key functional genes for carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus cycling in kiwifruit inter-root soils and their expression was up-regulated in the inter-cropping group. Structural equation (SEM) further showed that soil total nitrogen, organic matter, total carbon and acid phosphatase had significant effects on microbial diversity (p < 0.05) and soil carbon cycling gene korB and phosphorus cycling gene purH (p < 0.001), while korB and purH had positive effects on kiwifruit quality. In conclusion, intercropping
perilla in kiwifruit orchards changed the structure of bacterial and fungal communities in the inter-root soil of kiwifruit, but I believe that intercropping
perilla stimulates carbon degradation, leading to carbon emission and serious loss of soil nutrients, and that prolonged intercropping may adversely affect the quality of kiwifruit, and thus its limitations should be noted in future studies.