本研究的目的是探讨水氮调控对水肥需求特征和产量的影响,质量,荒漠绿洲地区膜下滴灌花生的水分和氮素利用效率。实验,在乌鲁木齐进行,新疆,以阐明控制花生生长的反应机制为中心,产量,质量,用水模式,在水分和氮素调节的影响下,生育期的肥料特性。在现场实验中,实施了三个灌溉水平,表示为W1(22.5mm的灌溉用水定额),W2(灌溉用水定额30毫米),和W3(灌溉用水定额为37.5毫米)。此外,两种施氮水平,标记为N1(施氮量为77.5kg·ha-1)和N2(施氮量为110kg·ha-1),被应用,导致七种治疗。对照治疗(CK),不涉及施氮,也包括在实验设计中。结果表明,灌溉配额的增加与农田水分相关参数的增加之间存在直接相关性,包括水消耗,每日用水量强度,和用水量百分比。与氮水平升高的处理相比,在不施用氮的情况下,氮收获指数(NHI)显示出更高的值。氮素的施用导致豆荚和植物体内的氮积累和氮吸收效率均提高。当经受相同的氮气应用条件时,灌溉被证明有利于提高用水效率(WUE),氮部分要素生产率(NPFP),和花生荚的产量。水分对豆荚产量和WUE的贡献率超过了氮,氮对氮利用效率的贡献率较高。在覆膜滴灌下种植的花生中,实现高产并提高水和氮利用效率的总耗水量约为402.57mm。考虑到产量,质量,以及水和氮的使用效率,使用37.5毫米的灌溉配额,灌溉周期为10-15天,110kg·ha-1的施氮量可作为新疆地膜滴灌花生栽培的适宜水氮管理方式。
The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of water and nitrogen regulation on the characteristics of water and fertilizer demands and the yield, quality, and efficiencies of the water and nitrogen utilization of
peanuts cultivated under mulched drip irrigation in a desert-oasis region. The experiment, conducted in Urumqi, Xinjiang, centered on elucidating the response mechanisms governing peanut growth, yield, quality, water consumption patterns, and fertilizer characteristics during the reproductive period under the influence of water and nitrogen regulation. In the field experiments, three irrigation levels were implemented, denoted as W1 (irrigation water quota of 22.5 mm), W2 (irrigation water quota of 30 mm), and W3 (irrigation water quota of 37.5 mm). Additionally, two nitrogen application levels, labeled N1 (nitrogen application rate of 77.5 kg·ha-1) and N2 (a nitrogen application rate of 110 kg·ha-1), were applied, resulting in seven treatments. A control treatment (CK), which involved no nitrogen application, was also included in the experimental design. The results indicate a direct correlation between the increment in the irrigation quota and increases in farmland water-related parameters, including water consumption, daily water consumption intensity, and water consumption percentage. The nitrogen harvest index (NHI) demonstrated a higher value in the absence of nitrogen application compared to the treatment with elevated nitrogen levels. The application of nitrogen resulted in an elevation in both nitrogen accumulation and nitrogen absorption efficiency within pods and plants. When subjected to identical nitrogen application conditions, irrigation proved to be advantageous in enhancing water-use efficiency (WUE), nitrogen partial factor productivity (NPFP), and the yield of peanut pods. The contribution rate of water to pod yield and WUE exceeded that of nitrogen, while the contribution rate of nitrogen to nitrogen-use efficiency (NUE) was higher. The total water consumption for achieving a high yield and enhanced water- and nitrogen-use efficiencies in
peanuts cultivated under drip irrigation with film mulching was approximately 402.57 mm. Taking into account yield, quality, and water- and nitrogen-used efficiencies, the use of an irrigation quota of 37.5 mm, an irrigation cycle of 10-15 days, and a nitrogen application rate of 110 kg·ha-1 can be regarded as an appropriate water and nitrogen management approach for peanut cultivation under mulched drip irrigation in Xinjiang.