PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Nut-based products are a good source of high-quality plant protein in addition to mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acids, and may aid low-glycaemic dietary strategies important for the prevention of type 2 diabetes (T2D). In particular, they may be advantageous in populations susceptible to dysglycaemia, such as Asian Chinese. The present study aimed to compare effects of a higher-protein nut bar (HP-NB, also higher in total fibre and unsaturated fats, comprising mixed almonds and peanuts) vs. an isoenergetic higher-carbohydrate cereal bar (HC-CB) within the diet of 101 Chinese adults with overweight and normo- or hyperglycaemia. Ectopic pancreas and liver fat were characterised using magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy (MRI/S) as a secondary outcome. Participants were randomized to receive HP-NB or HC-CB daily as a 1 MJ light meal or snack replacement, in addition to healthy eating advice. Anthropometry and clinical indicators of T2D risk were assessed fasted and during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), pre- and post-intervention. No significant difference was observed between diet groups for body weight, body mass index, waist or hip circumference, blood pressure, glucoregulatory markers, lipid profile or inflammatory markers over 12 weeks (all, p > 0.05). No difference was observed between glycaemic subgroups or those with normal versus high ectopic organ fat. Although HP-NB can attenuate postprandial glycaemia following a meal, no effects were observed for either fasting or glucose-mediated outcomes following longer-term inclusion in the habitual diet of Chinese adults with overweight, including at-risk subgroups.
摘要：
坚果类产品除了单不饱和脂肪酸和多不饱和脂肪酸外,还是优质植物蛋白的良好来源,并且可能有助于对预防2型糖尿病（T2D）重要的低血糖饮食策略。特别是,它们在容易患血糖异常的人群中可能是有利的，比如亚洲华人。本研究旨在比较高蛋白坚果棒(HP-NB，总纤维和不饱和脂肪含量也较高，包括混合杏仁和花生)与101名超重和正常或高血糖的中国成年人的饮食中的等能量高碳水化合物谷物棒（HC-CB）。使用磁共振成像和光谱学（MRI/S）作为次要结果来表征异位胰腺和肝脏脂肪。参与者被随机分配每天接受HP-NB或HC-CB作为1MJ便餐或零食替代品，除了健康的饮食建议。在禁食和口服葡萄糖耐量试验（OGTT）期间评估T2D风险的人体测量学和临床指标，干预前和干预后。饮食组之间的体重没有显着差异，身体质量指数,腰围或臀围，血压,葡萄糖调节标记，超过12周的血脂谱或炎症标志物(所有，p>0.05)。在血糖亚组或正常与高异位器官脂肪之间没有观察到差异。尽管HP-NB可以减轻餐后血糖，在长期纳入中国超重成年人的习惯性饮食后，对空腹或葡萄糖介导的结局均未观察到影响，包括风险亚组。
